最新初中定语从句详解及练习附答案.pdfVIP

精品文档 定语从句详解及练习附答案 第一部分:基础知识 （一）．定语从句概述 定语可以由形容词，代词，数词，名词，不定式，介词短语来充当。如果 是一个句子担任定语，那么这个句子就叫做定语从句，又可称为形容词性从句。 定语从句通常修饰某一名词或代词，被定语从句修饰的这一名词或代词叫 先行词，它位于定语从句之前，定语从句在先行词后面，应尽量紧跟先行词。 定语从句的作用即在于对先行词进行限定说明或补充说明。 （二）．定语从句的引导词。 定语从句的引导词分为两类，关系代词（that, which, who, whom, whose ） 和关系副词 （when, where, why ），引导词在先行词和定语从句之间，既起连接 作用，即连接先行词和定语从句，更重要的是，它又在定语从句中作一个成分。 （三）．关系代词 1. that 指人，物，在从句中作主语，宾语，表语。 This is the photo that I took in the country. He is the singer that I met yesterday. 2. which 指物，在从句中作主语，宾语，在非限定定语从句中充当定语， 或者代替前句 The film which we saw last night was moving. 3. who 指人，在从句中作主语，宾语。 The person who visited our classroom yesterday was our new headmaster. The man who you just talked to is Tom. 4. whom 指人，在从句中作宾语。 精品文档 精品文档 That is the professor whom you want to know. 5. whose 指人，物，在从句中作定语，相当于先行词+ ’s, 后接一名词。 I know the boy whose parents are dead. I don’t like those cities whose roads are dirty. 注：关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略。 （四）．关系副词 关系副词在从句中作状语，有时相当于介词+which，其中which 指代 先行词不可以指示整个句子。 1. whe 指时间，在从句中作时间状语，相当于at/ on/ in/ during which. I’ll never forget the day when (on which) I reached the top of the Huangsha Mountain. 2. where 指地点，在从句中作地点状语，相当于at/ in / to/ which. This is the school where (at which) I studied. 3. why 指原因，在从句中作原因状语，相当于for which. That’s the real reason why (for which) he was late. 第二部分：关系代词的特殊用法 (一) 关系代词指物时, 用that 而不用which 的情况: 1. 先行词为something ,anything ,nothing ,everything 以及all , much , little , a lot , none , few 等不定代词时。 E.g.: My mother was so proud of all that I did ’t. 2. 先行词有the last , the very , the only 以及all , much , few , no , any ,little 等 修饰时。 精品文档 精品文档 e.g. This is the very book that I’m looking for. 3. 先行词为序数词、形容词最高级(或