状语从句中的时态对应.docVIP

?状语从句中的时态对应 主句谓语动词为现在时态，则从句动词可根据需要使用任何时态； 主句谓语动词为过去时态，从句的时态一般是过去范畴的时态，其中有如下几种情况要注意： 1. 当从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生，从句中一般用一般过去时或过去进行时。 2. 从句的动作发生在主句动作之后，从句时态用过去将来时。 　 3. 从句的动作发生在主句动作之前，从句时态用过去完成时。 ? ◆ 主将从现原则 ◆ 在if，unless 等词引导的条件状语从句； 在when，till/until，as soon as，before，after，as，while，each time，the moment等词引导的时间状语从句； 在no matter + wh-，however，whatever，whenever，even if/even though，so long as，on?condition that等引导的让步状语从句中， 若主句为一般将来时（或包含情态动词/祈使句），从句谓语动词常用一般现在时表示将来； 若主句为过去将来时，从句谓语动词通常用一般过去时态代替过去将来时态。 e.g. I will call you as soon as she arrives. 当她来的时候，我就打电话给你。 If it clears up, we will go to the park. 如果天晴的话，我们就去公园。 I will not?let them in, whoever they are. 不管他们是谁，我都不会让他们进来。 (2008全国Ⅱ，14) If their marketing plans succeed, they ____ their sales by 20 percent. A. will increase B. have been increasing C. have increased D. would be increasing ? ◆ 特定引导词及句式的时态 ◆ Ⅰ. since since 引导的时间状语从句为一般过去时，主句中的时态用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。 ?e.g. Jenny has had another baby since I saw her last. 从上次我见到Jenny以来，她又生了一个孩子。 I have been learning English since I was in Grade 3.自从上三年级以来，我一直在学英语。 The girl told her father she had been ill since she came home. 那个女孩告诉她父亲，自从回到家她就一直在生病。 Note: It + be + 一段时间+ since…中，若主句为一般现在时或现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时；如果主句为一般过去时，从句则常用过去完成时。 e.g. It is more than three years now since I saw her last. 自此我上次见到她，我们已有三年多没见面了。 It has been three years since I was in Beijing. 我不在北京已经三年了。 (1988全国) They asked me to have a drink with them. I said that it was at least ten years since I ____ a good drink. A. had enjoyed B. was enjoying C. enjoyed D. had been enjoying ? Ⅱ. before before引导的时间状语从句若是过去时，主句可用一般过去时或过去完成时。 ?e.g. He closed the door, before he left the classroom. 他在离开教室之前关上了门。 We had been to four cities before he came to join us. 他来加入我们之前我们已经去了四个城市了。 Note: before的常用句型 It will (wont) be + 时间段/ long + before + 一般现在时 It was (wasnt) + 时间段/ long + before + 一般过去时 (2008北京，34) Im sorry youve been waiting so long, but itll still be some time ____ Brian gets back. A. before B. since C. t