{财务管理财务知识}欧洲是全球最具活力的知识经济的地区吗文献翻译.pdf

{财务管理财务知识}欧洲是全球最具活力的知识经济的地区吗文献翻译.pdf

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{财务管理财务知识}欧洲 是全球最具活力的知识经 济的地区吗文献翻译 原文: IsEuropeBeingtheMostDynamic KnowledgeEconomyintheWorld? Abstract ThearticlediscussestheconditionandperspectiveoftheEuropeanUnionin theknowledgeeconomyandthefeasibilityofthegoalgivenbytheEuropeanCounci latthesummitsheldinLisbon(March2000)andBarcelona(March2002),thatis,to increaseEuropeanRDexpenditureto3percentofGDPby2010.Thearticlefocuses ontwoaspects:parativeperformancewithitsdirectcounterparts,inparticula rtheUSA;andintra-Europeandistributionofresourcesandcapabilities.Aseto ftechnologicalindicatorsispresentedtoshowthatEuropeisstillconsistentl ybehindwhenparedtoJapanandtheUS,especiallyinRDinvestmentandthegenera tionofinnovations.Asmallconvergenceoccursinthediffusionofinformationa ndmunicationtechnologies(ICTs),thesectormostdirectlylinkedtotheconcep tofthe‘neweconomy’.Inthefieldofknowledgecollaboration,Europetakesop posingpathsinthebusinessandacademicworlds.WithinEurope,thelevelofinve stmentinscientificandtechnologicalactivitiesissodiverseacrosscountrie sthatitdoesnotmergeintoasinglecontinentalinnovationsystem. Introduction AttheLisbonsummitinMarch2000,theEuropeanCouncildeclareditsintenti onofmakingtheEuropeanresearcharea(ERA)thegreatestknowledgeeconomyinth eworld.AttheBarcelonasummitinMarch2002itwasstatedthatEuropeshouldreac haratioofRDtoGDPequalto3percentby2010.Howrealisticarethesetargets?An d,howisEuropedoinginthetechnologicalracefiveyearsafterthefirstannounc ementofthesegoals? Theaimofthisarticleistopresentsomeevidenceonthedynamicsoftechnolo gicalchangeinEurope,paredtotheperformanceofitsdirectpetitors,theUnite dStatesandJapan.Itisoftenarguedthatanewclusterofinnovations,informati onandmunicationtechnologies(ICTs),andassociatedproductivitygrowthisle adingusintoa‘neweconomy’thatwilldeliveranexpansionofemploymentandim provedstandardsofliving(foranoverview,seeTemple,2002).Onthebasisofthe impressiveperformanceoftheUSeconomyinthe199

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