基于超声相控阵检测的储气井井壁探伤研究.pdfVIP

摘要 摘要 超声无损检测技术以检测结果直观、穿透能力强、可靠性高等优点被广泛应用于储 气井井壁探伤，然而常规超声储气井井壁探伤系统因单阵元探头的限制，无法实现更高 精度的缺陷检测。为实现高精度的井壁缺陷检测，提出基于64 阵元凸型相控阵探头的 储气井井壁探伤系统设计方案，通过声场仿真研究凸型相控阵声场特性的影响因素，并 基于凸型相控阵探头声场特性的研究设计凸型相控阵探头。主要工作及成果如下： 1.详细阐述了超声波声场的基本理论，包括超声波传播特性、声场指向性及分辨率， 研究了相控阵检测原理，包括发射声束偏转、聚集及接收去延时合成，介绍了相控阵成 像及常用扫查方式。 2.设计基于64 阵元凸型相控阵探头的储气井井壁探伤系统，根据声场基本辐射理 论，建立凸型相控阵探头模型，通过声场仿真研究凸半径、阵元尺寸、阵元间距对凸型 相控阵探头聚焦声场的影响，并基于凸型相控阵聚焦声场的研究设计符合储气井井壁探 伤需求的凸型相控阵探头。 3.设计凸型相控阵声束聚焦与合成法则，计算各阵元发射脉冲延时参数及接收回波 去延时参数，采用线性扫查方式实现储气井井壁探伤，并通过仿真实验分析凸型相控阵 的缺陷检测效果。 4.超声回波数据后处理的FPGA 设计与实现，包括接收声束合成模块、滑动窗口去 基线模块及采样因子模块的设计，并通过Modelsim 仿真验证各模块设计的功能。 关键词：储气井井壁探伤，凸型相控阵探头，线性扫查 I Abstract Abstract Ultrasonic non-destructive testing technology is widely used in wellbore detection of gas storage wells due to its intuitive detection results, strong penetrating ability and high reliability. However, the conventional ultrasonic gas storage well wall flaw detection system cannot achieve higher precision defect detection due to the limitation of single-element probe. In order to realize high-precision detection of well wall defects in gas storage wells, a design scheme of 64-element convex phased array gas storage wellbore flaw detection system is proposed. The influence factors of the sound field characteristics of the convex phased array are studied by sound field simulation, and the convex phased array probe is designed based on the study of the sound field characteristics of the convex phased array. The main work and achievements are as follows: 1.The basic theory of ultrasonic sound field is elaborated, including ultrasonic propagation characteristics, sound field directivity and