英语语法 1.2.2特殊句型 特殊句型.ppt

“十二五” 职业教育规划教材 “十二五” 职业教育规划教材 “十二五” 职业教育规划教材 “十二五” 职业教育规划教材 主讲教师：谢花萍 英语语法 English Grammar 娄底职业技术学院 Loudi Vocational and Technical College 应用英语专业资源库 Resource Library of Applied English 复习 特殊句型  特殊句型 （1）There-be句型 There be句型是英语中陈述事物客观存在的常用句型，表示“有”，其确切含义是“存在”。there作为引导词，本身没有意义，用动词be的某些形式作为谓语动词，它的主语是用一些表示泛指或不定特指的名词词组。动词be和主语的数必须一致。句子最后通常为表示地点和时间的状语。因此，要表达“某个地方或某个时间存在什么事物或人”的时候常用“There be +名词+地点/时间状语”这一句型。例如： There is a computer in the room. There are two TV plays every evening. ? 1）There be句型的否定句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和反意疑问句。 There isn’t a box in the room. ——Is there a cake on the table? ——Yes, there is. / No, there isn’t. How many students are there in your school? There is a cup on the table, isn’t there? 2）There be与情态动词连用 There be句型中的谓语动词be可与各种情态动词连用，表示“一定有”、“可能有”、“应该有”等含义。例如： There must be something wrong with the machine. There might be drinks if you wait for a bit. There shouldn’t be any doubt about it. 3）由there be构成的固定句型 由there be构成的一些固定句型在英语中很活跃，需很好地掌握。常见的有： There is no doing sth. 不可能/无法做某事 There is no use/good (in) doing sth.　做某事是没有用的/没有好处的 There is no need (for sb.) to do sth. 做某事是没有必要的 There is no point (in) doing sth. 做某事是没有意义的 例如： There is no knowing what will happen tomorrow. There is no use/good going there. There is no need to worry. There is no point in arguing further. ? 1）It作形式主语或形式宾语 ① It在句中作形式主语。当句子的主语是不定式短语、动名词短语、从句时，为使句子保持平衡，可将其移到句子后面，原主语位置用it作形式主语。例如： It is important to think clearly before speaking. It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. ② It在句中作形式宾语。当复合宾语的宾语是不定式、动名词、从句时，往往把宾语放在它的宾补之后，而用it放在原宾语位置上作形式宾语。例如： She thought it very difficult to answer the question. We find it important that we should study hard. （2）It 引导结构 2）It 用于强调句结构 It用于强调句中, 强调非谓语动词, 引导的强调句的构成形式是：It is/was +被强调部分（主语、宾语或状语）+who/that …。被强调部分指人时，用who或that，其他情况用that。例如： It was Jack who/that wrote a letter. It was Tom whom/that I met in the street yesterday. It was yesterday that he went to Shanghai. 注意： 特殊疑问句的强调句构成形式是：特殊疑问词+is/wa