先天性心脏病剖析.pptVIP

Congenital Heart disease wan Englishi salon Overview Congenital heart disease are abnormalities in the hearts structure that are present at birth. Approximately 8 out of every 1,000 newborns have congenital heart defects, ranging from mild to severe Etiology Genetic factor (internalfactor Genetic and chromosomal aberrations 2. Environmental factor(external factor): High altitude 3. Other related factors: Viral infections of pregnancy Mothers who are diabetic, alcoholics or drug addictive Drugs and metabolic factors 4. Inherited factor Prevention The health protection of pregnant woman should be enhanced High risk factors such as drugs radiation viral infection. et should be avoided Suit dosage Folic acid should be filled up in early pregnancy stage. Evaluating a child with a heart murmur Does the child have heart disease? Is it congenital heart disease? If it is congenital heart disease, what is the lesion I What is the severity of the lesion? Assessment of a child for the presence of heart disease Major Minor Systolic murmur Systolic murmur less garde Il or more than grade ll in thrill with a specia intensity 2. Diastolic 2. Abnormal s2 murmur 3. Abnormal ecG 3. Cyanosis 4. Abnormal X-ray 4. Congestive heart failure 5.Abnormal Bp CHD Acyanotic Cyanotic CHD CHD L to r shunts Obstructive lesions R to l shunts ASD Pulmonic stenosis VSD Aortic stenosis TOF PDA Coarctation of aorta Complete TGA Mitral regurgitation Four Congenital Cardiac Anomalies in Children 蘸感 lmonary artery Congenital Cardiac Anomalies in Children Atrial Septal Defect(ASD) ASD is the most frequent congenital lesion of major importance in adults. It is often not diagnosed until adult life, even in the present era, because it rarely produces symptoms in childhood and the associated physical signs are easily confused with the cardiac findings in normal children Congenital Cardiac Anomalies in Children Atrial Septal Defect Three types of atrial septal defect are classified on an anatomic basis