初中中考宾语从句讲解及练习.doc

中考宾语从句讲解及练习 中考宾语从句讲解及练习 宾语从句是英语复合句中的其中非常重要的从句之 一。它是用一个句子做另一个句子的宾语，将这个句子叫做 宾语从句。宾语从句做介词或及物动词的宾语。现在从下列 三个方面总结归纳 一，引导词 A, 由 that 引导的陈述句性的宾语从句，在很多动词如 say, think, wish , hope, see, believe, agree, expect, hear , feel 等 动词后。 连词 that 只起连接作用， 在从句中不做句子的成分， 也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略，但在大多数情况下还是 以不省为好，特别是在笔语中。 例： I told him that he was wrong. l 在 think, believe, suppose, expect 等动词引起的宾语从句 中，有时谓语尽管是否定意义，却不用否定形式， 而将 think 等动词变为否定形式。 例： I don ’t think you are right. ( 我认为你做的不对 ) l 在许多带有复合宾语的句子中， that 引导的宾语从句经 常移到句子的后面，而用 it 做形式宾语。 例：We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone ( 我认为 他向每一个人撒谎是错误的 ) B,由连词if 、 whether 引导的表示 “是否 ? ”的宾语从句。 Whether, if 在从句中不做句子的成分， 一般情况下， whether 和 if 可以替换。 例： I don ’ t know if/whether he will come tomorrow. The teacher asked if/whether we had finished the experiment. l 在介词后面的宾语从句中不用 if 引导 例： Everything depends on whether we have enough money 。 宾语从句中有 or not时不用 if 引导. 例： I don ’t know whether the movie star will come or not. 和不定式连用作宾语时不用 if 引导. 例： Whether to go there or not hasn ’ t been decided. C,由 wh- 引导的宾语从句。连接代词who,whom,whose, what, which, 和连接副词when, where, why, how 等连接的宾 语从句，它们在句中即有连接从句的作用，又在句中充当句 子的成分。 例： Do you know which film they are talking about? (which 做定语) I don ’ t know where he lives. (where 做地点状语) 二，宾语从句的语序， 宾语从句从句的语序必须是陈述语序， 既连接词 +主语 + 谓语 +其他成分 例： I believe that they will come soon. He asked me whether I was a teacher. They wanted to know what they can do for us. 三，宾语从句的时态。 宾语从句的时态受主句的限制， 既：主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定。 主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。如果 从句的动作发生在主句之前，则从句要用过去完成时态。 例 : 1) She says that she is a student. She said that she was a student. 2) She says that she will fly toJapanin a week. She said that she would fly toJapanin a week. 3) She says that she has finished her homework already. She said that she had finished her homework already. 4) She says that she can sing a song in English. She said that she could sing a song in English. l 如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时， 这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。 例： The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. He told me thatJapa