考研英语真题-2018英一阅读手译本版本2.pdfVIP

Text 1 Ⅰ ①Among the annoying challenges facing the middle class is one that will probably go unmentioned in the next presidential campaign:What happens when the robots come for their jobs? Ⅱ ①Don't dismissthatpossibility entirely. ②About half of U.S.jobs are at high risk of being automated, according to a University of Oxford study,with themiddleclassdisproportionately squeezed. ③Lower-incomejobslike gardeningor day caredon't appealtorobots. ④But many middle-class occupations-trucking, financial advice, software engineering — have arousedtheir interest,or soonwill. ⑤Therich own therobots,sotheywillbe fine. Ⅲ①Thisisn't tobealarmist. ②Optimistspoint outthattechnologicalupheavalhasbenefitedworkersin thepast. ③The Industrial Revolution didn't go so well for Luddites whose jobs were displaced by mechanized looms, but it eventually raised living standards and created more jobs than it destroyed. ④Likewise, automation should eventually boost productivity, stimulate demand by driving down prices,andfreeworkersfrom hard,boringwork. ⑤But in themediumterm,middle-classworkersmayneedalot ofhelp adjusting. Ⅳ ①The first step, as Erik Brynjolfsson andAndrew McAfee argue in The Second MachineAge, shouldberethinkingeducation andjobtraining. ②Curriculums —from grammar school to college- should evolve to focus less on memorizing facts andmoreon creativity andcomplex communication. ③Vocational schools should do a betterjob of fostering problem-solving skills and helping students work alongsiderobots. ④Onlineeducation can supplementthetraditionalkind. ⑤It couldmake extratraining andinstruction affordable. ⑥Professionalstryingto acquirenew skillswillbeabletodo sowithout goingintodebt. Ⅴ ①The challenge of coping with automation underlines the need for the U.S. to revive its fadingbusinessdynamism:Startingnew companies mustbe madeeasier. ②In previous eras of drastic technological change, entrepreneurs