东华理工大学专业英语.docVIP

1.System,according to Webster’s dictionary, is defined as “a set or arrangement of things so related or connected as to form a unit or organic whole; as, a solar system, irrigation system, supply system, the world or universe”. 系统，根据韦氏字典，定义为““系统”，一组或一系列能形成一个整体或者有机整体的相互关联的事物。;像太阳能系统，灌溉系统，供电系统，世界或宇宙”。 2.Pollution, an undesirable change in the physical，chemical，or biological characteristics of the air，water，or land that can harmfully affect the health，survival，or activities of humans or other living organisms. “污染”，有害影响健康，生存，活动的人或其它生物体的空气，水，或土地的物理，化学或生物特性的不应该有的变化。 3.A number of different environmental problems are associated with water, air, or land systems. Many of these problems will apply only within one of these systems, justifying the breakdown into these categories. Such classification is also useful for easier comprehension of related problems within one system. 许多不同的环境问题与水体,大气,陆地系统有关。由于有些环境问题仅仅与这三大系统之中的某一个系统有关，因此将 环境问题归结为这三大系统的问题,是情有可原的。这种对于环境问题的分类方式有利于理解某一个系统内出现 的环境问题。 4.Unfortunately, many important environmental problems are not confined to an air, water, or land system, but involve interactions between systems. A current example is the acid rain problem stemming from the emission of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide gases into the atmosphere from the stacks of generating stations, smelters, and automobile exhausts. 不幸的是，许多重要的环境问题并不仅仅限于大气，水体以 及陆地系统中的某一个系统，而是涉及不同系统间的相互作用。从发电厂，冶炼炉以及汽车尾气管中排放出的二氧化硫 和氧化氮气体所产生的酸雨这是最近的一个例子 5. With these improvements, however, have come disturbing side effects, such as lost arable land, disappearing forests, environmental pollution, and new organisms resistant to controls. 有了这些改进，然而，带来了令人不安的副作用，如失去了耕地，森林消失，环境污染，新的生物抗控制。 6.The municipal technology of ancient cities seems to have been forgotten for many centuries by those who built cities throughout Europe. Water supply and waste disposal were neglected, resulting in many outbreaks of dysentery, cholera, typhoid, and other waterborne diseases. 古代城市的市级技术似乎已被那些建造的城市遍及欧洲的人遗忘了许多个