托福写作审题要点_Why or How_托福写作技巧讲解_ss.docVIP

英美国际教师原创教研文章系列之九——Why or How? ——托福写作审题要点 作者:杨资源(Alex 建议阅读时间:3分钟。 阅读目标:了解基础审题基本原则,避免跑题。 不少学生在写作模考中会收到这样的点评——“审题不清,论点跑题”,此时黑人问号脸表情包自动上线。下面我们会以TPO一道题目来讲解审题陷阱之一,以及如何避免跳坑。 以某TPO独立写作题目为例,“Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents today are more involved in their children’s education than were parents in the past”。这道题乍看没什么太大的难度,但是不少学生都栽了跟头。为了更直观说明,所以以下分析了几个学生的文段。(均保留了原来的写作痕迹,所以请忽略语法或者表达错误。 例子1: Secondly, the score of your children shows the intelligence that they have. When parents are chatting with their workmates, they will unavoidably talk about the children’s study. If you were the child and you got 100 points at the exam, your parents will be proud of you surely. In order to make this come true, to let the workmates have a good impression of their children, the parents will pay more attention to the study. 点评:文章解释了父母这么做是因为“面子”,所以为了不能落后,他们要更关注子女的学习。但是,问题在于作者只在最后一句才提到了关键词,所以应该更多强调父母如何干预子女的教育而不是父母这么做的原因。 例子2: Last but not least, parents hope their kids can have a happy lives in the future, they hope their kids can be grateful to their parents. In the era, only knowledge can change the world, only through well-educating can make people successful. The targets of the new era is to try best to change the world. Every parents hope that their kids can make it, thats why education is so important now. 点评:文段强调了当今时代对于个人的高要求,所以父母在教育上对子女给予厚望。不过,与例子1一样,作者应该继续写到父母在有这个意识的同时如何帮助子女提高学业表现。 总结:所以,看到题目应该先分清楚题目的重点,例如思考一下题目是想问“怎么样(how”,还是“为什么(why”呢?这道题应该更倾向对于“怎么样”的论述。 那么关于“为什么”的题目是什么样的呢?例如这道题,Do you agree or disagree? It is better for students to grow up in countrysides than in big cities. 这道题是非常典型的题目,学生一般都能想到题目要点。通过这道题,我们来看看审题中“为什么”的基本思路。课堂上,一般会引导学生回答“有了XX,谁能获利,“利”指的是什么,例子是什么?”。所以,我们会走这样的思路—— “学生能够在大城市获得更多优质教育资源”, “这样的好处是?” “能够全面提高他们的素养。” “什么素养?能够举个例子吗?” “……” 此类题目在写作考试当中非常常见,但是聪明的你应该会发现,其实考生就是在回答“so what”的问题,不过学生不仅需要想到几个关键词,还需要给出完整的思路表述哦。总结整篇文章,我们讲解了2个题目(How和Why,并分析它们所代表的审题要点,请同学们自己再找类似题目多加练习。 下期预告:ETS的AI小妖精- 托福写作的E-rater。