物流运作优化实验课.ppt

What does the system structure design contribute? Producer P Customers 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ? In this situation, also one places is constituted at price of 6 . ? Items are carried by railway by 12 distance units totally, what does 12 RMB. ? The total distance traversed by trucks is 6 and the cost is 12 . ? The total cost is also 30 . What does the system structure design contribute? Producer P Customers 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ? This structure with the total cost 30 wins! ? It is by 6 better than the original direct distribution in this case. 33 Why we build the model if we were able to solve the problem without it? ? Our toy problem has exactly four feasible solutions given by sets of places, at which a facility is located. ? A problem with n possible places has 2 n feasible solutions . ? If there are 64 possible locations, then 2 n is approximately 1.8*10 19 . ? When we were able to evaluate one million solutions in one second, determination of the optimal solution would required 1.8*10 13 seconds, what is 584 *10 3 years. Relevant Costs of Distribution ? Holding cost (rent cost for a warehouse, fixed charge f i for locating or keeping a warehouse at given place i ). ? Handling cost (manipulating cost connected with transshipment or storing one unit of goods g i ). ? Transportation costs (costs connected with way of transport at the particular echelon, e.g. bulk transport cost and distribution transport cost). 35 Relevant Cost of Distribution Primary source Customers Warehouse 1 Warehouse i Transportation cost of bulk transport Fixed charge f i Handling cost g i Transportation cost of distribution transport Let us demonstrate the procedure on the toy example Producer P Customers 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ? Nodes of special importance are here the producer P and the crossings P 1 and P 2 . ? We obtain distances : P 1 P 2 C 1 C 2 C 3 C 4 P P 1 P 2 C 1 C 2 C 3 C 4 P 0 3 4 4 4 5 5 P 1 3 0 1 1 1 2 2 P 2 4 1 0 2 2 1 1 Cost of Customers Dema