机械工程专业英语文本施平03.docVIP

第 3 次课的教学整体安排 授课时间 第 3 周 周4 第 3、4 节 课时安排 2 授课题目(教学章、节或主题)： Machine Tool Frames 教学目的、要求（分掌握、理解、了解三个层次）： 掌握本课的专业词汇 学习并掌握专业英语的翻译技巧 教学内容（包括基本内容、重点、难点）： Machine Tool Frames Pros and Cons; Foundations; Frame Design 讲解课文和专业词汇 重点：在翻译的过程中句子表达的准确性和整篇文章的逻辑性。 难点：在科技英语翻译过程中语言的转换技巧 讨论、思考、作业： 作业：复习课文 背诵专业词汇 参考资料（含参考书、文献等）： 教学过程设计：复习10分钟，授新课90分钟，安排讨论　分钟，布置作业　分钟 授课类型：　理论课　讨论课　实验课　练习课　其他 教学方式：　讲授　　讨论　　指导　　其他 教学资源：　多媒体　　　模型　　　实物　　挂图　　　音像　　其他 填写说明：1.每项页面大小可自行添减； 2.教学内容与讨论、思考题、作业部分可合二为一。 3 Machine Tool Frames 机床床身 The frame is a machine's fundamental element. Most frames are made from cast iron, welded steel(可焊接的结构钢), composite, or concrete. The following factors govern(决定) material choice. The material must resist deformation and fracture. Hardness must be balanced against elasticity(必须解决硬度合弹性之间的矛盾). The frame must withstand impact, yet yield(产生) under load without cracking(裂纹) or permanently deforming(永久性变形). The frame material must eliminate or block vibration transmission to reduce oscillations(震荡) that degrade accuracy and tool life(降低精度和刀具寿命). It must withstand the hostile(恶劣的) shop-floor environment, including the newer coolants(冷却液) and lubricants(润滑剂). Material expansion must be understood (in order) to minimize forces needed to move slides. The material must not build up(聚集) too much heat, must retain its shape for its lifetime, and must be dense enough to distribute forces throughout the machine. Pros and Cons 优缺点 Either castings or welded sections(焊接结构) can be used in most applications. The decision on which is best depends on the costs in a given(一定的) design situation. Cast iron. Almost all machine tool frames were traditionally made of cast iron because features difficult to obtain any other way can be cast in. Castings have a good stiffness-to-weight ratio and good damping qualities. Modifying wall thickness and putting the metal where it's needed is fairly easy. Although cast iron is a fairly cheap material, each casting requires a pattern