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Academic Writing and Presentation
Paraphrasing
WHAT
&
HOW
WHAT
Paraphrasing
Paraphrasing is to restate a sentence in another
form to make it easier to understand.
Remember:
restate...in another form/in your own words
How to avoid copying from the source
1 Take notes as you read.
2 Close your book or put away your source material.
3 Write only from the notes you just took.
If you are not sure, look at the source again just
4 for a minute.
5 Put the source away again and revise your
writing.
Essentials in paraphrasing
1 Study the source to understand the meaning
Use words or phrases similar in meaning to
2
replace those in the original sentence
Change the sentence structure by reversing the
3 order of certain phrases
e.g.
X is the critical feature of Y, but Z can also be
present sometimes.
While Z is sometimes present and sometimes not,
the most important feature of Y is X.
Paraphrasing strategies
1. Change the part of speech词性
The developed world should contribute
greatly so that human beings can survive in
the future.
Essentials in paraphrasing
2. Use a synonym (and change the part
of speech)
In the past 30 years, the country has
changed greatly.
Essentials in paraphrasing
3. Use a synonym, with different part of
speech, and change the order
Obviously, different people have different
attitudes towards mental illness.
Essentials in paraphrasing
4. Change from the active voice to the
passive voice or vise versa
We should meet different needs of the
customers.
Essentials in paraphrasing
5. Change the positive into negative and
vice versa
Nowadays, people try to make themselves
insta
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