完整版本新编语用学教程课后答案.doc

Introduction [check your understanding] f Syntax and semantics each have their own strengths. f Pragmatics is also interested in how language use affects the language system. t f t In-Class Activities 1. ASK (1) Yes, he ’ s coming. (2) Yes. [No, he isn ’ t coming] His knowledge about whether Pat likes cognitive linguistics or not. 2. (1) a. John is obviously not Hitler. There is only one Hitler in the world. b. Golf as an inanimate object can ’ t play a human being (John). c. It is a case oftautology that conveys no new information. “ Idea ” doesn ’ t have color and can ’ t sleep since it is inanimate. The whole sentence doesn’ t make sense. a. it can be used for communication in a context where John shares some personality with Hitler. b. when John is a poor player of golf. c. in a context where a certain boy has done something wrong (out of naughtiness). when the sentence is used in poetry to personalize the word idea. 3.(1) a. In an entrance of a park. b. In the restroom of some public places like an airport. a. People are forbidden to bring dogs into the park. b. This place is for adults to change infantdiapers. (1) Here the speaker wants to express his complaint that the couple are talking too loudly (and the implicit request for them to stop talking). (2) By saying so, the young man wants to convey their refusal to “ my” request. The background knowledge we need is that since it is usually impolite to listen to other people ’ private conversation, it is normal that hear a word“(thusI” canthe ’ t couple can continue their talk). 5.(1) This notice implies that all those who jump the red light are uncivilized, whatever the reason. (2)讲卫生的人不会随便吐痰。 6. (1) This is an advertisement for a holiday inn and its food is so delicious that it can make the customer ’ s wife jealous. The “ French toast ” probably means a type of specialty provided by this holiday inn. C: 你去哪里？吃饭了没？ E: How are you? How’ s everything going? 7. (1) He means he doesn ’ t speak French. Rus