11.2 Features of Japanese English外国文学名著导读.pdf

Chapter Eleven 11.2 Features of Japanese English Consonants  Exercise 1: lightright, licerice, liprip  Feature 1: No or little distinction between /r/ and /l/.  Explanation: Influence of Japanese (Kay, 1992) Consonants  Exercise 2: Kurisumasu, Makudonarudo  Keys: Christmas, MacDonald’s  Feature 2: A tendency to insert vowels between consonants.  Explanation: There are no consonant clusters in Japanese. Vowels Feature 3: No distinction between the two sounds in each pair above. Other Characteristics Example: driver →driber Feature 4: Japanese people tend to use /b/ to replace /v/. Example: bird →bard Feature 5: /ɜ:/ and the schwa sound /ǝ/ are often pronounced as /a/. Loanwords (1) aikido, judo, sumo (合气道，柔道，相扑) martial arts (2) kabuki, Noh, haiku, bonsai (歌舞伎，能，俳句，盆栽) civil arts (3) sashimi, sushi, soba, tofu (生鱼片，寿司，荞麦面，豆腐) food (4) geisha, samurai, shogun (艺伎，武士，幕府) kinds of people (5) pachinko, karaoke (弹球盘，卡拉OK) entertainment (6) katakana, hiragana, kanji (片假名，平假名，汉字) language Syntactic Features (1) “Misuse” of articles: an favorable condition; per a bottle; (2) “Misuse” of singular/plural forms of nouns: a news; sunglass (3) Adjectives are often used as adverbs: shave beard speedy Syntactic Features (4) Repeating comparative words for emphasis: more best known than (5) Subject-predicate inconsistency: our factory have...; the number of factories are... (6) Using nouns as gerunds: without injury their forms Conclusions (1) Japanese English has its own distinctive features, especially at the levels of pronunciation and vocabulary. (2) Its features reflect Japanese life and culture. (3) Knowing these features