你好中文 语法点L3P1.pdf

语法点 Grammar points 1. “ 比”字句Sentences with 比 “比”字句即引出比较对象的句子，可用于比较不同的人或事物，也可用于 比较同一个人或事物在不同时间、不同情况下的差别。 Sentences with ‘bi’ refer to comparative patterns which can compare not only diverse people and matters, but different features of the same person or matter at different time, or under different circumstances as well. 句式结构：A 比B + adj. Sentence Structure: A bǐ B + Adj. 比如： For example: Dǎ lánqiú bǐ tī zúqiú yǒuqù. 打篮球比踢足球有趣。 Playing basketball is more interesting than playing soccer. Wàimài bǐ xuéxiào cāntīng de fàn hǎochī. 外卖比学校餐厅的饭好吃。 Takeout is more delicious than food in school canteen. 否定句式结构：A + 没有+ B + (那么) + Adj. Negative Sentence : A + méiyǒu+ B + (nàme) + Adj. 比如： For example: Shǒujī méiyǒu diànnǎo （nàme ）guì. 手机没有电脑（那么）贵。 Mobile phones are not as expensive as computers. Shànghǎi de dōngtiān méiyǒu Běijīng （nàme ）lěng. 上海的冬天没有北京（那么）冷。 Winter in Shanghai is not as cold as in Beijing. 2. 离To be away from “离”在句子中使用时，通常是对两地或两事物间的距离进行描述。 The basic pattern of ‘li’ is normally used to express that one place is (not) close or (not) far from another place or describe the specific distance between them. 句式结构1：A 离B + （不）远/ （不）近 Sentence Structure 1: A lí B + （bù ）yuǎn / （bù ）jìn 比如： For example: Túshūguǎn lí cāntīng hěnyuǎn. 图书馆离餐厅很远。 Library is far away from canteen. 否定句式：A 离B + 不 + 远 / 近 Negative Sentence: A lí B + bù + yuǎn / jìn Nánjīng lí Shànghǎi bù yuǎn. 南京离上海不远。 Nanjing is not far away from Shanghai. 句式结构2: A 离B + Specific Distance Sentence Structure 2: A 离B + Specific Distance 比如： For example: Dìtiězhàn lí xuéxiào liǎng bǎi mǐ. 地铁站离学校200 米。 The subway station is 200 meters away from school. 问句结构1：A 离B + 远/近 + 吗？ Interrogative Sentence1：A lí B +yuǎn / jìn +ma ？