基于Smith-模糊PID的空气能热泵过程控制系统研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 北方冬季气候干燥，部分地区使用燃煤供暖，造成空气污染和一系列安全问题，为 响应国家 “煤改电”政策，空气能热泵因清洁,环保,节能,安全取代燃煤北方供暖主力 军成为新宠，迅速占领市场。通过调查空气能热泵的起源和对当前市场份额占有率的研 究，发现空气能热泵仍有很大市场空间，伴随着技术改进，空气能热泵控制系统结构由 简入繁，且主要和辅助部件增加，主汽温的非线性、时延性的特性都愈加凸显，使控制 系统更加复杂。传统空气能热泵制造工厂普遍选用PID 控制方式来控制主汽温系统，但 难以适应如今的复杂系统，因此如今需要改进控制算法，提高系统控制效果。 首先通过研究空气能热泵结构组成、空气能热泵系统分布图、制冷制热状态时系统 各个部件静态和动态特性及逆卡诺循环的基本原理并结合空气能出热特性分析，采用两 点法建立仿真模型，对如今主流智能控制方式对比分析，模糊算法适合运用在温度控制 中。然后设计模糊PID 控制算法结构，进行模糊规则的选取；设计模糊控制器，选取匹 配模糊化和解模糊方法；确定模糊控制器的类型；设计模糊PID 控制方案，最后在模糊 控制方案上增加Smith 预估补偿控制，设计Smith-模糊PID 控制器，通过Matlab 仿真 软件对设计方案行进仿真。 通过仿真结果分析证明，无干扰情况下，对比PID 和模糊PID 控制方案，Smith- 模糊PID 具有响应快，超调量小，调节快等优点；当添加干扰信号后，通过实验数据对 比分析，Smith-模糊PID 控制方案控制效果仍领先另外两种控制方案，对比结果证明设 计可行。 关键词：空气能热泵；PID ；模糊控制； Smith 滞后补偿；Matlab 研究类型：基础研究 Abstract In response to the national policy of coal to electricity, air energy heat pump has become a new favorite because of its cleanness, environmental protection, energy saving and safety, replacing the main force of coal-fired heating in the north and occupying the market raPIDly.Through the introduction ofthe origin of air energy heat pump andthe analysis of its market share, it is found that the market potential of air energy heat pump is huge. With the development of society, the structure of air energy heat pump control system is becoming more and more complex, the components and parts are increasing, and the characteristics of nonlinear,time-varying,large inertia and large delay,time-varying ofmain steam temperature are more prominent, which makes the control system more Complex. PID control system is widely used in modern air energy heat pump plants, but it is difficult to achieve the ideal control effect. Therefore, it is necessary to study the control system of air energy heat pump andimprovethecontrolmode. Compared with the current mainstream intelligent control methods, the fuzzy algorithm is suitable for thetemperat