05.伴侣鸟的麻醉.pdfVIP

BIRDS Anaesthesia in companion birds 伴侣⻦的⿇醉 Species variability about 10 000 species – 28 orders 物种多样性 ⼤约有1000种-28个⺫ pain resistence 疼痛耐受 conscious response to pain 痛觉意识 Behavioral changes would be cryptic and subtle ⾏为上的异常通常难以发现 alert agitated response 易激动 crouching immobility 蹲伏不动 Pain assessment is subjective – indirectly measured 疼痛评估是主观的——⾮直接测定 small birds ⼩型⻦ big birds ⼤型⻦ raptors, owls 猛禽、猫头鹰 waterfowl ⽔禽 Indications for anaesthesia ⿇醉适应症 Restraint, manipulation and sedation for minor procedures 保定、操控、镇静以作⼩处理 Diagnostic imaging 诊断影像学检查 Surgery ⼿术 Anaesthesia in birds ⻦类⿇醉 Considerations prior to anaesthesia ⿇醉前的考虑 Anaesthesia + analgesia ⿇醉+镇痛 Injectable anaesthesia 注射⿇醉 Inhalation anaesthesia 呼吸⿇醉 Considerations after anaesthesia ⿇醉后的考虑 Considerations prior to anaesthesia 麻醉前的考虑 Health conditions 健康状况 Fasting 禁食 Analgesia 镇痛 Monitoring 监护 Supportive care (depends on the length of procedure) 支持治疗（根据操作的时长） Short procedure = less monitoring and support necessary 短时操作=需要的监护和支持治疗相对较少 Long procedure = more preparations have to be taken 长时操作=需要提前做更多的准备 Health condition 健康状况 History and examination “from a distance” are important 病史及体格检查，⾸先进⾏“远处观察”⾮常重要 An accurate body weight should be obtained 必须获取精确体重 Handling – without anaesthesia 保定——不⿇醉 may compromise the patient prior to anaesthesia 可能在⿇醉之前就使患⻦情况更糟 may be fatal to the avian patient 对患⻦可能是致命的 may be more compromising than short anaesthesia 可能对患⻦的损害⽐短时⿇醉更⼤ Anaesthesia is less stressful alternative in many procedures 与多操作相⽐，⿇醉师相对较⼩产⽣应激的操作 The procedure is never risk-free. 所有操作都有⼀定⻛险。 Health