When,While,As引导时间状语从句的区别[推荐].pdfVIP

When，While，As 引导时间状语从句的区别 when，while，as 显然都可以引导时间状语从句，但用法区别非常大。 一、when 可以和延续性动词连用，也可以和短暂性动词连用；而 while 和 as 只能和延续性动词连用。 ① Why do you want a new job when you’ve got such a good one already？（get 为短暂性动词）你已经找到如此好的工作，为何还想再找新的？ ②Sorry，I was out when you called me．（call 为短暂性动词）对不起， 你打电话时我刚好外出了。 ③Strike while the iron is hot．（is 为延续性动词，表示一种持续的状 态）趁热打铁。 ④ The students took notes as they listened．（listen 为延续性动词） 学生们边听课边做笔记。 二、when 从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生； while 和 as 从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。 1．从句动作在主句动作前发生，只用 when。 ①When he had finished his homework，he took a short rest．（finished 先发生）当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。 ②When I got to the airport，the guests had left．（got to 后发生） 当我赶到飞机场时，客人们已经离开了。 2．从句动作和主句动作同时发生，且从句动作为延续性动词时， when，while，as 都可使用。 ①When ／While ／As we were dancing，a stranger came in．（dance 为 延续性动词）当我们跳舞时，一位陌生人走了进来。 ②When ／While ／As she was making a phone call，I was writing a letter．（make 为延续性动词）当她在打电话时，我正在写信。 3．当主句、从句动作同时进行，从句动作的时间概念淡化，而主要表示主句 动作发生的背景或条件时，只能用 as。这时，as 常表示 “随着……”； “一 边……，一边……”之意。 ① As the time went on，the weather got worse．（as 表示 “随 着……”之意） ② The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases．随着高度的增加，大气越来越稀薄。 ③As years go by，China is getting stronger and richer．随着时间一 年一年过去，中国变得越来越富强了。 ④The little girls sang as they went．小姑娘们一边走，一边唱。 ⑤The sad mother sat on the roadside，shouting as she was crying．伤心的妈妈坐在路边，边哭边叫。 4．在将来时从句中，常用when，且从句须用一般时代替将来时。 ①You shall borrow the book when I have finished reading it．在我读 完这本书后，你可以借阅。 ②When the manager comes here for a visit next week，Ill talk with him about this．下周，经理来这参观时，我会和他谈谈此事。 三、when 用于表示 “一……就……”的句型中（指过去的事情）。 sb．had hardly （＝scarcely） done sth．when．．．＝Hardly ／ Scarcely had sb．done sth．when．．． ①I had hardly ／scarcely closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door．＝Hardly ／ Scarcely had I closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door．我刚一闭上眼，就有人在敲门了。 ②I had hardly ／scarcely entered my room when the telephon