李艳梅有机化学课件5说课材料.pptVIP

李艳梅有机化学课件5; 5.1.1 Chirality;;;Specific rotation 比旋光度;5.1.2 Asymmetric carbon atom;;not superposable;;;判据：;1874 Newzealand Van’t Hoff ;If an symmetric carbon can be substituted and becomes asymmetric, it is called a “prochiral carbon”.;Any molecule with such a carbon molecule, which is linked to four different groups or atoms, shows some chirality.;优点：使用方便 缺点：很多例外 有些分子中存在不对称碳，但却无手性： 有些分子中没有不对称碳，但却有手性：;5.1.3 Symmetric element; A molecule without asymmetric carbon may be chiral.;Asymmetric axis;C2;C;Planes of symmetric (mirror plane);symmetric plane: the paper plane;Sy