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PAGE PAGE # / 49 Regulati ons for Preve nti ng Collisi ons at Sea. 1972 PART A ——GENERAL Rule 1 Applicati on These Rules shall to all vessels upon the high seas and in all waters conn ected there with n avigable by sea going vessels. Nothi ng in these Rules shall in terfere with the operati on of special rules made by an appropriate authority for roadsteads, harbours, rivers, lakes or inland waterways conn ected with the high seas and n avigable by sea- going vessels. Such special rules shall conform as closely as possible to these Rules. Nothi ng in these Rules shall in terfere with the operati on of any special rules made by the Gover nment of any State with respect to additi onal stati on or sig nal lights, shapes or whistle sig nals for ships of war and vessels proceed ing un der convoy, or with respect to additi onal stati on or shapes for fishi ng vessels en gaged in fish ing as a fleet. These additi onal stati on or sig nal lights, shapes or whistle sig nals shall, so far as possible, be such that they cannot be mistake n for any light, shape or sig nal authorized elsewhere un der these Rules. Traffic separatio n schemes may be adopted by the Orga ni zati on for the purpose of these Rules. 第一条适用范围 本规则适用于公海和连接于公海而可供海船航行的一切水域中的一切船舶 . 本规则不妨碍有关主管机关为连接于公海而可供海船航行的任何港外锚地、 港 口、XX、XX或内陆水道所制订的特殊规定的实施。这种特殊规定 ，应尽可能 符合本规则。 本规则不妨碍各国政府为军舰及护航下的船舶所制订的关于额外的队形灯、 信号灯、号型或笛号，或者为结对从事捕鱼的渔船所制定的关于额外的队形灯、 信号灯、号型或笛号，应尽可能不致被误认为本规则其他条文所规定的任何号灯、 号型或信号。 为实施本规则，本组织可以采纳分道通航制。 凡经有关政府确定，某种特殊构造或用途的船舶，如不能完全遵守本规则 任何一条关于号灯或号型的数量、位置、能见距离或弧度以及声号设备的配置 和特性的规定时，则应遵守其政府在号灯或号型的数量、位置、能见距离或弧 度以及声号设备的配置和特性方面为之另行确定的尽可能符合本规则要求的规 ^定O Rule 2 Resp on sibility 责任 1?本规则并不免除任何船舶或其所有人、船长或船员由于遵守本规则的任何 疏忽，或者海员通常做法要求的或当时特殊情况要求的任何戒备上的疏忽而产 生的各种后果的责任。 2?在解释和遵守本规则时，应考虑到一切航行和碰撞的危险以及包括当事船 舶条件限制在内的任何特殊情况，这些危险和特殊情况可能使船舶在必要时为 避免紧迫危险而背离本规则。 Rule 3 Gen eral Defin iti ons For the purpose of these Rules, except where the con text otherwise requires: The word vessel in cludes every descriptio n of water craft, i ncludi ng non- d