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第四学时 Grammar
过去分词作定语和状语
[观察领悟] 观察领悟下列句子,找出其规律并熟读。
Worried_about the journey , I was unsettled for the first few days.
Well - known for their expertise , his parents company, called Future Tours ”, tran sported me safely into the future in a time capsule.
The capsule began swinging gently sideways as we lay relaxed and dreaming.
Hit by a lack of fresh air , my head ached.
Soon I was back on my feet again and following him to collect a hovering carriage driven by computer.
Exhausted , I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.
Deeply touched , I thanked him again and again.
Caught in a heavy rain , he was late for work again.
[自我总结]
动词的过去分词具有副词、形容词的特征,分词或分词短语在句中可作 、
,还可作 等。
答案:状语;定语;表语
一、过去分词(短语)作状语
过去分词(短语)作状语可以表时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等,它的逻辑 主语通常就是句子的主语,过去分词与主语之间是动宾关系。
作时间状语。
相当于一个时间状语从句。
Once published , the dictionary will be very popular.(Once published = Once it
is published)
一旦出版,这本词典将大受欢迎。
作原因状语。
相当于一个原因状语从句。
Lost in thought , I did nt no tice what was happe ning outside.(Lost in thought
=Because I was lost in thought)
由于陷入沉思,我没注意到外面发生了什么事情。
作条件状语。
相当于一个条件状语从句。
Given another hour , I can also work out this problem.(Given another hour = If
I am give n ano ther hour)
如果再给我一个小时,我也能把这道题算出来。
作让步状语。
相当于一个让步状语从句。
Beaten by the opposite team, we did nt lose heart and encouraged each other.(Beate n by the opposite team = Though we were beate n by the opposite team)
虽然被对方的队打败了,但我们并没有灰心而是相互鼓励。
作方式或伴随状语。
可以转换成一个并列句。
The old man got on the bus , supported by a girl.(supported by a girl = and was
supported by a girl)( 方式)
在一位姑娘的搀扶下,老人上了公共汽车。
【注意】(1)过去分词作状语时,其前面可以带有相应的连词,如 when, though ,
although , as if , as though , if , uni ess , un til , once 等,表时间、让步、条件、方式 等。
If (I am)i nvited , I will atte nd the weddi ng of my frie nd. 如果受到邀请,我会
参加我朋友的婚礼。
(2) 过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系,即表被动;现在分词与句子的 主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系,即表主动。
Asked why he was late , he cried.
被问到他为什么迟到时,他哭了。
Looking out of the window , I saw some students playing there.
我朝窗外望去,看见几个学生在那边玩耍。
(3) 过去分词(短语)作状语时,分 词的逻辑主语与句子的主语要一致。
If caught
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