生化工程_刘晓兰_通气和搅拌1.ppt

生化工程_刘晓兰_通气与搅拌1;第四章 通气与搅拌;Introduction; 所以，对好氧培养系统，除了均匀混合需要搅拌之外，搅拌的作用是强化溶氧。 氧在水中的溶解度很低，培养液溶氧浓度更低，所以搅拌的更重要功能在于: 打碎气泡， 增加气液接触面积，提高传氧效率。 ;The oxygen demand of an industrial process is generally satisfied by aeration and agitation. Productivity is limited by oxygen availability and therefore it is important to the factors that affect a fermenters efficiency in supplying O2 ; 本章的内容是讨论有关溶氧和搅拌之间的问题，目的是做到既满足细胞对氧的需求，又能尽量降低能量消耗。 This lecture considers the O2 requirement, quantification of O2 transfer and factors influencing the transfer of O2 into solution. ;4-1 细胞对氧的需求  Oxygen demand and respiration;4.1.1 Stoichiometry(化学计量学) of respiration;Solubility of Oxygen;Comparision of conc. and uptake rates for glucose and oxygen by yeast;The Oxygen requirements of industrial fermentations;O2 Requirements;4.1.2 细胞的比耗氧速率（呼吸强度）与氧浓度的关系 OXYGEN CONC. vs RESPIRATION RATE (growth rate);式中： QO2比耗氧速率molO2/kg干cell·s ? （ QO2 ）m：最大比耗氧速率molO2/kg干 cell·s CL：溶氧浓度mol/m3 Ko：氧的米氏常数 ;Dissolved Oxygen Concentration;Critical dissolved oxygen levels for a range of microorganisms; 虽然氧在培养液中溶解度很低，但在培养过程中不需要使溶氧浓度达到或接近饱和值，而只要超过某一临界溶氧浓度即可。 当CL Ccritical，细胞的QO2保持不变， 当CL Ccritical，细胞的QO2下降，细胞处于 半厌氧状态，代谢活动受到影响。 微生物的临界溶氧浓度约是饱和浓度的1%~25%。;Critical dissolved oxygen levels;FACTORS AFFECTING OXYGEN DEMAND;4.1.3 摄氧率r;4.1.4 氧的满足度;4.1.5 溶氧浓度对细胞生长和产物生成影响的不一致性 ;氧浓度对Brevibacterium flavum氨基酸生产的影响;;微生物次级代谢产物生产与氧浓度的关系;4-2??培养过程中的氧传递及速率;Phases present in bioreaction/bioreactor; Major problem associated with provision of oxygen to the cell - is a rate limiting step and thus serves as a model system to understand mass transfer. ;1) The bulk gas phase in the bubble 2) The gas-liquid interphase 3) The liquid film around the bubble 4) The bulk liquid culture medium 5) The liquid film around the microbial cells 6) The cell-liquid interphase 7) The intracellular oxygen transfer resistance ;4.2.2 氧传递过程;The rate of oxygen transfer = dri