2021届高一必修期末语法复习及作文07 （人教版2019必修二）.doc

宾语从句 宾语从句位于及物动词、动词短语或介词之后。引导词有三类：从属连词只起连接作用，不作句子成分，that无词义，whether, if意为“是否”；连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语；连接副词在从句中只作状语。 1》、that引导的宾语从句 that引导宾语从句时无词义，在从句中不作成分，口语中一般可以省略，但下列情况下不能省略： 1．当that在从句中作介词的宾语时。 ◆I don’t know exactly where he lives, except that it’s somewhere out in the wilds. 2．动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可以省略，从第二个从句开始that不可省略。 ◆He told me (that) he had to leave and that he would be back soon. 3．it作形式宾语的宾语从句。 (1)动词find/feel/think/consider/make＋it＋宾补(形容词或名词)＋that从句 (2)动词hate/like/dislike/appreciate/enjoy＋it＋that从句 (3)短语动词see to/depend on/rely on＋it＋that从句 (4)固定搭配take it for granted/owe it to sb. ＋that从句 ◆No matter where he is, he makes it a rule that he shall go for a walk before breakfast. ◆I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day. 2》whether与if引导的宾语从句 whether与if引导宾语从句时，在从句中不作任何成分，但有具体的含义，意为“是否”。 ◆(2017·天津卷)She asked me whether I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t. 在下列情况下只能用whether而不能用if： 1．宾语从句中有or not时，只能用whether。 ◆I don’t know whether or not the report is true. ＝I don’t know whether the report is true or not. 2．whether引导的从句可放在介词之后，作介词的宾语，而if则不能。 ◆It depends on whether we have enough time. 3》连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句 连接代词和连接副词引导宾语从句时既充当句子成分又有具体词义，且不可省略。 ◆(2018·天津卷)The gold medal will be awarded to whoever wins the first place in the bicycle race. ◆(四川卷)Our teachers always tell us to believe in what we do and who we are if we want to succeed. 宾语从句的时态：一般情况下，宾语从句须与主句的时态保持一致，即当主句是一般现在时时，从句可根据具体情况选用合适的时态；当主句为过去的某种时态时，从句须用相应的过去的某种时态。当从句的内容为真理或客观事实时，从句须用一般现在时。　 [对点演练]——单句语法填空 1．(2017·北京卷)Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing where she was heading. 2．When I walked on the street, I wanted to say how clean the streets were. 单句语法填空 1.［2015·福建］—I wonder Mary has kept her figure after all these years. —By working out every day. 2.［2015·陕西］Reading her biography, I was lost in admiration for Doris Lessing had achieved in literature. 3.［2015·重庆］We must find out Karl is coming, so we can book a roo