斜激波与膨胀波.pptxVIP

CHAPTER 9 OBLIQUE SHOCK AND EXPANSION WAVES 斜激波和膨胀波 9.1 引言 ;Title: Flow over compression ramp at mach 3 Description: The picture is a shadowgram of Mach 3 airflow over an 18 degree compression corner which shows the shock wave/turbulent boundary-layer interaction (from G. Settles, PhD thesis, Princeton, 1975). Flow is from left to right. Credits: Gary Settles ;凹角上的斜激波： 流动偏转角θ：固体壁面的偏转角 激波角β：波前流动方向与激波夹角; 牛牛文库文档分享;Across the oblique shock wave, the Mach number discontinuously decreases, and the pressure, density, and temperature discontinuously increase.;Hence, an expansion wave is the direct antithesis of a shock wave. 因此，膨胀波是激波的一个正相反的对应物。 Oblique shock and expansion waves are prevalent in two- and three-dimensional supersonic flow. These waves are inherently two-dimensional in nature, in contrast to the one-dimensional normal shock waves discussed in Chap.8. That is, in Fig. 9.1a and b, the flow-field properties are a function x and y. The purpose of the present chapter is to determine and study the properties of these oblique waves. 斜激波和膨胀波在二维、三维超音速流动中是普遍存在的。这些波在本质上是二维的，与第八章讨论的一维正激波相反。即，在图9.1a和b中，流场特性是x 、 y的函数。本章的目的就是确定和研究这些斜波（斜激波和膨胀波）的性质。;? What is the physical mechanism that creates waves in a supersonic flow? 超音速流中产生波的物理机理是什么？;On the other hand, if the upstream flow is supersonic, as shown in Fig.9.3b, the disturbances cannot work their way upstream; rather, at some finite distances from the body, the disturbance waves pile up and coalesce, forming a standing wave in front of the body. 在另一方面,如图9.3b(旧版9.2b)所示，如果上游是超音速的,扰动不能一直向上游传播，而是在离开物体某一距离处聚集并接合，形成一静止波。;Hence, the physical generation of waves in a supersonic flow — both shock and expansion waves—is due to the propagation of information via molecular collisions and due to the fact that such propagation cannot work its way into certain regions of the supersonic flow. 因此，超音速流中激波和膨胀波产生的物理原因是: 通过分子碰撞引起的信息传播和这种传播不能到达超音速流中某些区域。;马赫波;If the disturbances are stronger than a simple sound wa