2018必修五Unit1Greatscientistsusinglanguage课时作业.docxVIP

第 第 PAGE # 页 第 第 PAGE # 页 Unit 1 Great scientists using language 课时作业 （时间： 15 分钟 ） I ?阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项 （A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项。 Los ing weight comes with a lot of health ben efits ——in clud ing mak ing your brain sharper. Yes, it turns out that overweight may damage cognitive functions such as memory and attention. There have been few studies of overweight and cognitive functioning, possibly because it is generally believed that it is not a primary risk cause for poor cognitive performance. Losing weight, therefore, may help improve these mental functions, according to a new research led by John Gunstad, assistant professor of psychology at Kent State University. Growing evidence suggests that being fat is linked to cognitive deficits（ 缺陷 ）. So Gunstad and his team guessed that losing weight might improve mental function. For their study, they measured memory and attention in a group of 150 overweight participants, some of whom had some kind of operation for weight loss and some did not. All of the volunteers completed mental skills tests to assess their abilities of memory and attention at the beginning of the study, and again 12 weeks later. To begin with, about 24% of the patients showed damaged learning and 23% showed signs of poor memory when tested. At the end of the study, those who had lost weight after operation improved their scores into the average or above average range for cognitive functions. Scores for the volunteers who didn t lose weight dropped even further. The study helped Gunstad to find out whether losing weight had any effect on mental function, Now that he s seen the positive effect that weight loss can have on memory and attention, he says he will next study those who choose to lose weight by the traditional way — eating healthier and getting more active. He expects that losing weight in this way will have a similarly positive effect on the brain. “ Ifwe can improve the condition with operations, then we can probably produce the same ch