84理顺物价,加速改革汇总.docxVIP

理顺物价，加速改革（一九八八年五月十九日） WE MUST RATIONALIZE PRICES ANDACCELERATE THE REFORMMay 19, 1988 我们党的十三大和全国人大七届一次会议， 精神都是进一步解放思想，进 步解放生产力。 The central theme of both the Thirteenth National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party and the First Plenary Session of the Seventh National Peoples Con gress [March 25-April 13, 1988] was that we must further ema ncipate our mi nds and liberate the productive forces. 理顺物价，改革才能加快步伐。物价问题是历史遗留下来的。过去，物价都 由国家规定。例如粮食，还有各种副食品，收购价格长期定得很低，这些年提高 了几次，还是比较低，而城市销售价格又不能高了，购销价格倒挂，由国家补贴。 这种违反价值规律的做法，一方面使农民生产积极性调动不起来， 另一方面使国 家背了一个很大的包袱，每年用于物价补贴的开支达几百亿元。这样，国家财政 收入真正投入经济建设的就不多了，用来发展教育、科学、文化事业的就更少了。 所以，不解决物价问题就不能放下包袱，轻装前进。 We cannot speed up the reform without rati on aliz ing prices. The problem of prices has rema ined un solved for many years, duri ng which the state set all the prices. For example, for a long time the purchas ing prices of grain and non-staple foods were too low. Although weraised them several times in the past few years, they were still too low. In the cities, however, we could not raise the selli ng prices bey ond a certa in point. This led to a disparity betwee n the purchas ing and selli ng prices, so the state had to make up the differe nee. This is con trary to the law of value. On the one hand, we cannot arouse the en thusiasm of the peasa nts for product ion, and on the other hand the state bears a heavy burde n -- that is, every year it must use tens of billio ns of yua n for subsidies. Con seque ntly, the state does nt have eno ugh money for econo mic developme nt, let alone for educati on al, scie ntific and cultural un dertak in gs. So if we want to lighte n our burde n and move forward, we have to solve the price problem. 最近我们决定放开肉、蛋、菜、糖四种副食品价格，先走一步。中国不是有 一个“过五关斩六将”的关公的故事吗？我们可能比关公还要过更多的“关”， 斩更多的“将”。过一关很不容易，要担很大风险。这次副食品价格一放开，就 有人抢购，议论纷纷，不满意的话多得很，但是广大人民群众理解中央，这个决 心应该下。现在过这一关，能否成功，今天还不能讲，但我们希望成功。这就要 求我们每走一步，都兢兢业业，大胆细心，及时总结经验，发现问题就做些调整， 使之符合实际情况。但是物价改革非搞不可，要迎着风险、迎着困难上。要让全 党和全国人民懂得，这是很艰苦的工作，十全十美的方针、十全十美的办法是没 有的，面临的都是新事物、新问题，经