瓦格纳的圣诞诺言.docxVIP

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瓦格纳的圣诞诺言 理查德·瓦格纳(Richard Wagner),1813~1883,德国著名作曲家、指挥家。主要作品有:歌剧《尼伯龙根的指环》、《帕西法尔》等11部,9首序曲、1部交响乐、4部钢琴奏鸣曲及大量合唱曲、艺术歌曲等,著作《艺术与革命》、《歌剧与戏剧》等。 On Christmas Eve, 1870, Richard Wagner and his wife, Cosima, had agreed not to give each other Christmas presents. They were simply too poor. But Wagner was planning a surprise gift. 1870年的平安夜,理查德·瓦格纳和他的妻子柯西玛说好了不互送对方礼物——他们实在是太穷了。但瓦格纳还是计划准备一份惊喜礼物。 For more than two months he had been crafting a piece of music to be performed outside Cosima’s bedroom door on Christmas morning. He had based it on themes1 later to be used in his opera Siegfried, plu

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