国际经济学中英名词解释.docxVIP

学习好资料 欢迎下载 学习好资料 欢迎下载 国际经济学中英名词解释 Absolute advantage : The greater efficiency that one nation may have over ano ther in the product ion of a commodity. This was the basis for trade for Adam Smith. 绝对优势：一国在生产一种产品上比另一国家有更大的有效性。这是亚当 斯密 自由贸易理论的基础。 Absolute purchasing-power parity theory : Postulates that the equilibrium exchange rate is equal to the ratio of the price levels in the two nations. This version of the PPP theory can be very misleading. 绝对购买力平价理论：假设平衡汇率等于两国的价格水平之比， 这一购买力平价 理论的解释是不被接受的。 Ad valorem tariff : A tariff expressed as a fixed perce ntage of the value of a traded commodity. 从价税：一种表示为贸易商品价值的一个固定百分比的税。 Arbitrage: The purchase of a curre ncy in the mon etary cen ter where it is cheaper for immediate resale in the mon etary cen ter where it is more expe nsive in order to make a profit. 套利：在某货币较便宜的货币中心购买该货币， 立即在另一较贵的货币中心卖掉 此货币以谋利的行为。 Bala nee of payme nts : A summary stateme nt of all the intern ati onal tran sacti ons of the reside nts of a n ati on with the rest of the world duri ng a particular period of time, usually a year . 国际收支平衡表：在一段特定的时间内，通常为一年，一国居民同世界上其他国 家间进行的所有国际交易的汇总表。 Capital account : The change in U.S. assets abroad and foreign assets in the United States, other than official reserve assets. 资本项目：美国在国外资产，外国在美国资产，或其他官方储备资产的变化。 Capital in flow : An in crease of foreig n assets in the n ati on or a reduction in the nation s assets abroad. 资本流入：外国资产在本国的增加或本国资产在外国的减少。 Capital-intensive commodity : The commodity with the higher capital-labor ratio at all relative factor prices. 资本密集型商品：在所有相对要素价格下均具有较高的资本 /劳动比率的商品。 Capital outflow : A decrease of foreign assets in the nation or an in creases the n atio n s assets abroad. 资本流出：在国内的国外资产的减少或在外国的国内资产的增加。 Commu nity in differe nee curve : The curve that shows the various comb in ati ons of two commodities yieldi ng equal satisfacti on to the com mun ity or n ati on. Commun ity in differe nee curves are n egatively sloped, convex from the orig in, and should not across. 同一无差异曲线：曲线表示对群体或国家产生相同的满足程度的两种