延续性动词及非延续性动词在现在完成时中的运用.ppt

延续性动词与非延续性动词 动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。 一、延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。表示时间段的短语有: for+一段时间,如：for 2 years，for a long time; since从句, 如：since he came here; since+时间点名词, 如：since last year, since 5 days ago; how long等。 二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词或点动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。 如:open, die, close, begin(start), finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。 非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如：two years ago; at 5 oclock; eg：He died 5 years ago. 终止性动词所表示的动作极其短暂且不能持续，所以在完成时的肯定句中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。 如：for 3 years，since he came here，how long，ect.且看下面三个错误句子： 1)Jim has come here for five years. 2)He has died for 3 years. 否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。 现在完成时中延续性动词和非延续性动词 延续性动词： study learn sleep live sing dance swim drink teach keep 非延续性动词： buy borrow lend die leave begin come / go 这些动词不能和 how long ; for ….since…连用 要把它们变成其他相应的词. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- （buy买了…） have/has had… （borrow借了…） have/has kept … （start/ begin开始 了…） have /has been on （leave离开了…） have /has been away (from).. （来到某地/ 去某地….） have /has been in … （die 死了…）　　　　 have/has been dead for … since…. 如果终止性动词在现在完成时句子中需要同有段时间状语连用，解决这一逻辑矛盾的方法就是将终止性动词转换为延续性动词。 三、延续性动词与终止性动词之间的转换 1、用相应的延续性动词替换句中的终止性动词： borrow --- keep, buy --- have,?? become/come/go---be , catch a cold --- have a cold, ? open sth. --- keep sth. open,? put on-- wear , eg. I bought the book 5 days ago.? I have had the book for 5 days. 2、将终止性动词转换为be+介词短语 begin/start --- be on,? ?finish --- be over,? join --- be in+组织机构/be a member of+组织机构,? go to school—be in school , get to/ arrive/reach /come/go/move--- be in/at+sw. put on—be on eg.He has been in school for 9 years. 3、将终止性动词转换为be+名词 join the army—be a soldier, join the League/Party—be a League/Party member go to sc