动词不定式的解析及运用.doc

动词不定式 动词不定式形式: 一般式 完成式 进行式 完成进行式 主动 to build to have built to be building to have been building 被动 to be build to have been build 动词不定式的主要川法: 一、作主语 1 ?不定式作主语 动词不定式作主语时，句了的谓语动词常用单数，其位置有以下两种: ⑴把不定式置于彳U首。女山 To get there by bike will take us half an hour. ?It+be+名词+ to doIt takes sb+some time+to do ?It+be+名词+ to do It takes sb+some time+to do It+be+形容词 + for sb+to do It+be+形容词+of sb+to doIt seems(appears)+形容词+to do :、作宾语 Its our duty to take good care of the old. How long did it take you to finish the work? It is difficult for us to finish writing the compositionin a quarter of an hour. It is stupid of you to write down everything the teachersays? It seemed impossible to save money. 1 ?不定式作宾语 以 卜 动词示，只能￥艮彳、定式作宾语。女agree,ask,aim,arrange,choose,decide,demand,expect,fail,help,hope， lean Jong,manage,offer,plan,prepare,prete nd、p「omise jefuse,wish 等 女口: I decided to ask for my money back? 当复合宾语屮的宾语是不定式时，先用形式宾语it代替不定式，把不定式置于补语Z示，即: 主语+动词+ it+补语+todo句式。如: We think it quite important for us to learn a foreignlanguage well. He feels it his duty to help the poor. 介词but,except,besides+to do(do)在这种旬型屮，如介词前有动词do,麻面应接不带to的不定式；如无do, 则接to不定式，即带do不带to,带to不带do。如： The enemy soldiers had no choice but to give in. On Sun day afternoon I had nothing to do but watch TV. 部分动词后IM ,既可接动词不定式，也可接动名词作宾语，意义不变。如：begin,continue,start, hate,like,love,need,require,want等。在need,require,want JTi接?ing形式，表示被动意义，也可接不定式，但要用被 动形式， 如： Your handwr iting needs improving (tobe improved). 部分动词后接不定式或动名词时，意义差别较大，应根据句了语境选择使用。 ?forget,remember,regret JTi接不定式，表示现在或未来的动作，接动名词表示动作已经发生。如： Dont forget fo post the letter for me. Have you forgotten meeting her in Beijing Airport? Remember to close the windows before you leave? I remember writing him a letter a year ago. We regret to tell you that all of you are not invited toattend the meeting. They regretted ordering these books from abroad? mean to do打算做某事 mean doing意味着 I meant to catch up with the early bus. This means wasting a lot of money. try to do设法尽力做某事doing试着做某事 You