城市物流风险 .pptx

Incorporating risks in city logisticsProfessor Eiichi TaniguchiKyoto UniversityOutline1 Concepts of city logistics2 Class of risks related to city logistics3 Vehicle routing and scheduling problems with time windows (VRPTW)4 VRPTW with uncertainty of travel times5 Multi-agent simulation with ambiguity6 ConclusionTruck loading efficiency Source: Annual Statistical Report on Automobile Transport: Information and Research Department, Policy Bureau, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport 1 Concepts of city logisticsCity logistics is the process for totally optimising the logistics and transport activities by private companies with the support of advanced information systems in urban areas considering the traffic environment, its congestion, safety and energy savings within the framework of a market economy (Taniguchi et al. 2001)10ResilienceStructure of visions for city logistics2 Class of risks related to city logisticsEarthquakeRareFloodBush fireSnowfallFrequencyHazardous material transportCrashDay-to dayCongestionAmbiguitycomplexityUncertaintyMulti-agent modelVRPTW-D VRPTW-PVRPTW[ 4 – 7 pm][ 10 – 12 am][ 2 – 3 pm][6 – 7 pm][ 10 – 11 am]5107246398Depotk = 1, 2, … K[ 1 – 5 pm][ 10 – 11 am][ 3 – 4 pm][ 7 – 8 pm]3 Vehicle routing and scheduling problems with time windows (VRPTW)Vehicle Routing and scheduling Problems with Time Windows (VRPTW) is defined as to find the minimum cost routes for k vehicles to service all the clients.Constraints: A vehicle can not serve more clients than its capacity. Delivery at each client must be within some pre-defined time windows. Penalty costPenalty costTime[ ] ]ai bibi’[ ]ai biTimeVRPTW VariantsHard Time WindowsDelivery is not possible outside the specified Time Windows (VRPHTW). Soft Time WindowsDelivery is possible outside the specified Time Windows with penalties (VRPSTW). ∞∞Similarly allowing waiting without cost in Soft Time Windows results in:Semi Soft Time Windows (SSTW)Hard Time Windows (HTW)In exact so