GMAT写作Argument词汇及备考建议.pdfVIP

GMAT写作 Argument常用词汇及建议 words Gratuitous 不必要的, 未要求的 Inthefirstplace,thisargumentrestsonagratuitousassumptionthat…. Fallacy 错误的见解;错误的推论 Theauthorcommitsafallacyofcausaloversimplification. commitsthefallacy Fallacious 谬误的，不合理的 But this is fallacious reasoning unless other possible causal explanations have been consideredandruledout. Causal具有因果关系的; 构成原因的 But this is fallacious reasoning unless other possible causal explanations have been consideredandruledout. ruleout 宣布…不可能; 排除…的可能性 But this is fallacious reasoning unless other possible causal explanations have been consideredandruledout. Unsounded 未经探测的,深度未明的 Oneexampleislogicallyunsoundedtoestablishageneralconclusion(Thestatisticsfrom onlyafewrecentyearsarenotnecessarilyagoodindicatoroffuturetrends),unlessitcan beshownthatA1isrepresentativeofallA. Unwarranted没有根据的, 无正当理由的 2.无保证的 3.未经授权的 Infact,infaceofsuchlimitedevidence,theconclusionthatBiscompletelyunwarranted. analogous相似的,可比拟 TheargumentrestsontheassumptionthatAisanalogoustoBinallrespects. justification正当的理由; 辩解的理由 Theauthorassumeswithoutjustification thatthebackgroundconditionshaveremained thesameatdifferenttimesoratdifferentlocations. Informative提供信息的 Thepollcitedbytheauthoristoovaguetobeinformative. ★ sevensins 第一宗罪：无因果联系 Theauthorcommitsafallacyofcausaloversimplification.Thelineofthereasoningisthat becauseAoccurredbeforeB,theformereventisresponsibleforthelatter.(Theauthor usesthepositivecorrelationbetweenAandBtoestablishcausality.However,thefactthat A coincides with B does not necessarily prove that A caused B.)But this is fallacious reasoningunlessotherpossiblecausalexplanationshavebeenconsideredandruledout. Forexample,perhapsCisthecauseoftheseeventsorperhapsBiscausedbyD. 第二宗罪 Insufficient-sample Theevidencetheauthorprovidesisinsufficienttosupporttheconclusiondrawnfromit. Oneexampleislogicallyunsoundedtoestablishageneralconclusion(Thestatisticsfrom onlyafewrecentyearsarenotnecessarilyagoodindicatoroffuturetrends),unle