spend-cost-take-pay-用法区别和练习.docVIP

一．spend的主语必须是人， 常用于以下结构： (1) spend time ／money on sth. 在……上花费时间（金钱）。例：I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。 (2) spend time ／ money (in) doing sth. 花费时间（金钱）做某事。 二．cost的主语是物或某活动，不用于被动。 可以表示“值”， 常见用法： (1)sth. costs (sb.) ＋金钱,某物花了（某人）多少钱。 例：A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。 Practice: 用spend和cost的适当形式填空： The house _____ him $100,000 . It ____ Jim $5 to buy the pencil. How much does the teapot _____？It ____ too much .We can’t afford it. writing the composition ______ him much time and patience . He______ much time reading .And he ____ plenty of money on books. How long does the girl _______ making tea? He is always __________ .How much has he ______ by now ,do you know? Where will you _______ your holiday ?And how do you ___ your spare time? He _______ too much money on clothes and appearance last year. 三．take后面可跟双宾语， 常见用法有以下几种： (1) It takes sb. ＋时间＋to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。 例：It took them three years to build this road. Building this road ______ them 3 years . (2)doing sth./ sth. takes sb. ＋时间,做某事花了某人多少时间。例：Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。 The trip took 2 hours . 用take 和 spend 的适当形式填空： How much time does it _______ them to complete the task ? 5 days. We _____ much money making our dream come true . Cooking _____　me a bit of time for my sister helps with housework . How much time do you ________ on films ? It _____ two to make a quarrel . _____ your time and do the job well . How long will this task _______ you ? 四．pay的基本用法是： (1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱（给某人）买……。 例：I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. (2)pay for sth. 付……的钱。 例：I have to pay for the lost book. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。 (3)pay for sb. 替某人付钱 Don’t worry!Ill pay for you. 别担心， 我会给你付钱的。 (4)pay sb. 付钱给某人。 例: They pay us every month.他们每月给我们报酬。 （5）pay money back 还钱。例：May I borrow 12 yuan from you? Ill pay it back next week. 你能借给我12块钱吗？下周还你。 （6）pay off ones money还清钱。 用pay (for) 和 spend ,take填空： How much time do you ______ on the proj