LinguisticsRevision语言学复习资料分解.docxVIP

Tran slatio n (1 X 20 = 20 %): Tran slatio n (1 X 20 = 20 %): Chi nese into En glish = 10 En glish into Chi nese = 10 Fill in the bla nks (2 X 15 = 30 %): Fill in the bla nks in sentences using lin guistic terms Defin iti ons ( 4 X 5 = 20 %) Short essays (15 X 2 = 30 %) I. II. III. IV. Revision I.Terms for secti ons I, II, and III. I. Cha pter 7: sociolinguistics社会语言学 Sociolinguistics might be defined as the study of correlations between linguistic variables(e.g. the p recise p honetic quality of a vowel, or the p resence or absence of a certain element in a system and non-linguistic variables such as the social class of speakers, their age, sex, hometown, etc. the Sa pir-Whof hyp othesis 萨丕尔-沃夫假说 American Anthr opo logical linguistics Linguistic determinism: Language determines our way of thinking. Linguistic relativity: similarity between languages is relative, the greater their structural differentiation is, the more diverse their conce ptualization of the world will be. linguistic determinism 语言决定论 Language determines our way of thinking. linguistic relativity 语言相对论 Similarity between languages is relative, the greater their structural differentiation is, the more diverse their conce ptualization of the world will be. the context of situation 情景语境 According to Halliday, the context of situation contains three com ponents: Field of discourse: the subject matter being discussed. Tenor of discourse: the social relations between the p artic ip ants of conversations Mode of discourse: the channel of communication communicative com petence交 际能力 The implications from sociolinguistics for language teaching is called communicative com petence Hymes: Whether (and to what degree) something is formally po ssible. Whether (and to what degree) something is feasible, in virtue of the means of impl ementation available. Whether (and to what degree) something is approp riate (adequate, happy, successful) in relation to the context in which it is used and evaluated. Whether (an