世界经济总结资料.docx

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Document number:WTWYT-WYWY-BTGTT-YTTYU-2018GT Document number:WTWYT-WYWY-BTGTT-YTTYU-2018GT 世界经济总结资料 WorldEconomy TOPICGlobalisation References: Essay-GlobalisationandEconomicGrowth Essay-GlobalisationandtheRuralPoor Essay-IsGlobalisationinDanger Textbook-Ch9Developingcountries Textbook-Ch10TheTransformationcountries 全球化的定义 Liberalizationoftrade,investment,production,andotherfactors. 全球化的成因 . . . . 全球化的优点 全球化的缺点 Globalizationcanmakethedomesticeconomyvulnerabletodisturbancesinitiatedoverseas. 全球化导致“分化大时代”的到来 Idon'全球化对经济增长是否有利 Therewouldbeacautiousresponse. First,,technologyflows,,distancefrommarketsandsourcesofsupplyishighlycorrelatedwithincomelevels. Second,institutionalqualityalsohasaverystronginfluenceongrowthandlevelsofincome,particularlywithrespecttocapitalmarkets,,thereclearlyisanimportantroleforinstitutionaldiversityinrapidcatch-upgrowth. 全球化使收入不平等减弱甚至最终趋同 Lucasarguesthat: 1Whilethe20thcenturywasmarkedbywideninginternationalincomeinequality,the21stcenturywillseethisreversed. 2Whilecapitalisfullymobileinternationally,internationalincomeinequalitiesshouldberapidlyreducedascapitalflowsfromrichtopoorcountries. 3Theprocessofeconomiccatch-upandconvergenceensueswhichexhibitsaninversecorrelationbetweeninitialincomelevelsandsubsequentgrowthofrealincomeperhead. Lucasmodel: ,countriesthatstartgrowinglaterhavefasterinitialgrowthandthenexperiencegrowthproportionaltoincomegapwithleader. Lucascriticize: ,butratherasarapidtransitionofaselectfewwhoarefavouredbylocation. 全球化对农业的影响 Globalisationdeclinedinformationandcommunicationscosts,tradeprotectionism,,reflectingthegenerallylowerincomeelasticitiesofdemandforprimarygoods,,agriculturalliberalisationhassofarmadelimitedprogress. 1Agriculturalliberalisationmodelisnotworkingwellbecauseitisnoebeingapplied,全球化对贫困的影响 Globalisationisliabletochangethewelfareoftherurulpoorbyinfluencingtheefficiencyofresourceuse,thepaceofeconomicgrowth,andthedistributionofincome,throughth

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