2014-2019年上海市高考真题汇编—选词填空.docxVIP

2015~2019年上海高考真题汇编—选词填空 2019年秋考 Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. comprehensively B. counting C. determined D. distraction E. environmental F. focus G. moderate H. modified I. naturally J. performing K. worsening , or short-sightedness, is a condition in which distant objects appear blurred (模糊的), but closer objects can usually be seen in sharp focus. Its biological basis is an eye that, during childhood, has grown too long for its optical power. The focal plane for images of distant objects ends up in front of the retina, causing out-of-(31) ______ perception. Myopia was once regarded as almost totally genetically (32) ______. But its prevalence (流行) has increased spectacularly in urban mainland China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Singapore, Japan and South Korea, where 80-90% of those completing high school are now short-sighted. This is up from 20-30% only two generations ago. Since gene pools do not change that fast, these massive changes must be due to (33) ______ change. In 2005,??the research on myopia and found a correlation with education. (This was not a particularly novel insight; such a link was postulated as far back as Kepler in 1604.) We found??with a high prevalence of myopia were all top performers in surveys of international educational outcomes Fortunately, not all high-(35) ______ locations, Australia among them, showed a high prevalence of myopia. This shows that high educational outcomes do not necessarily?lead?to myopia. We also hypothesised that all human population groups had a tendency to develop myopia under particular environmental conditions. Indeed,??and??have seen growing rates of myopia, although they are still nowhere near as high as in East and Southeast Asia. A common cutoff for high myopia is -5 diopters（屈光度）. This means vision is blurred beyond 20cm from the eyes. Such severe or high myopia in