现代英语词汇学概论--构词法.ppt

Chapter 3(构词法);The differences between “root”, “stem” and “base”?;undesirables = un + desire + able + s Base: desirable → desire (base) undesirable → desirable (base) undesirables → undesirable (base) Base/词基: any form to which affixes of any kind can be added.;2) denationalized denationalized = de + nation + al + ize + d Root: nation Stem: denationalize Base: national → nation nationalize → national denationalize → nationalize denationalized → denationalize;desirable: desire (root or base, not stem) undesirable: desirable (base, not root, not stem) undesirables: undesirable (stem or base, not root) desired: desire (root, stem or base);3.2 Compounding 复合构词法;What is compounding?;The relative criteria of a compound;2. Phonological criterion: Compound accent: a main stress on the first element and secondary stress on the second element. Normal phrase accent: a secondary stress on the first element and the main stress on the second element. E.g. black list blackboard blue bottle;;E.g. flowerpot workday backyard Note: we can infer the meaning from the meaning of its component parts ;The classification of compounding?;thunder-struck (houses) houses are struck by thunder / thunder struck the houses well-behaved (person) The person behave himself well. peace loving people people love peace an ocean-going (ship) A ship go across ocean.;Apart from caring for her children, she has to take on such heavy _____ house work as carrying water and firewood. A. time-consumed B. timely-consumed C. time-consu