8外文文献 参考学习.docVIP

An Overview of Servlet and JSP Technology Marty Hall and Larry Brown, 2000-07,Core Servlets and J a vaServer Pages chapter 1 A Servlets Job Servlets are Java programs that run on Web or application servers, acting as a 1niddle layer between requests coming from Web browsers or other HTTP clients and databases or app lica tio ns on the HTTP server. Their job is to perform the follo wing tasks, as illustrated in Figure 1-1. Client (End User)- Client (End User) - 乙beW SCLegacy Application Java Application Web Service SC Figure 1-1 Read the e xplicitdata sent by the client. The end user normally enters this data in an HTML form on a Web page. However, the data could also come from an applet or a custom HTTP client program. Read the implicit HTTP request data sent by the browser. Figure 1-1 shows a single arrow going from the client to the Web serve r (the la yer where servlets and JSP execute), but there a re rea lly two varieties of data: the explicit data that the end user enters in a form and the behind-the-scenes HTTP information. Both varieties are critica l. T he HTTP information includes cookies, information about media types and compression schemes the browser understands, and so on. Generate the results. This process may require talking to a database, executing an RMI or EJB call, invoking a Web service, or computing the response d irectly. Your real data may be in a relatio nal da tabase. Fine. But your database probably doesnt speak HTTP or ret urn results in HTML, so the Web browser cant talk directly to the database. Even if it could, for security reasons, you probably would not want it to. The same argument applies to most other applications.You need the Web middle layer to extract theresultsinside a docun论 nt. Send the explicit data (i.e., the docun论 nt) to the client. This doc ument can be sent in a variety of formats, inc luding text (HTML or XML), binary (GIF ima ges), or eve n a compressed format like gzip that is layered on top of some other u