资料讲义课件short儿科学0000000.pptVIP

* 幼儿期：满1岁到满3岁 学习行走、语言、动作、思维发育，好奇心强。Perhaps the most dramatic developments in this period are linguistic. 注意防外伤、感染，合理营养。 * 学龄前期：满3岁到6～7岁 智能发育很快，进行教育的良好时机（知识、道德、良好生活习惯等）。注意某些年龄相关疾病的发生。 * 学龄期：6～7岁到12～14岁 机体各器官（性器官除外）发育接近成人，疾病明显减少。培养良好的学习和生活习惯，注意预防近视、踽齿。 * 青春期（少年期）： 女：11～12岁到17～18岁 男：13～14岁到18～20岁 生后生长发育的第2个高峰期，生殖系统发育成熟。注意心理教育和全面发展。 * UNCF：联合国儿童基金会 The Children Are Often Among the Most Vulnerable（易受伤害） or Disadvant-aged（弱势群体） in Society and Their Needs Require Special Attention. 1990年首次世界儿童问题首脑会议 儿童生存保护和发展世界宣言 * Put children first 把儿童放在首位 Eradicate poverty 消灭贫穷 Leave no child behind 不要有留守儿童 Care for every child 关注儿童 Educate every child 每个儿童应接受义务教育 Protect children from harm and exploitation 保护儿童免受伤害与剥削 Protect children from war 不要让儿童受到战争的伤害 Combat HIV/AIDS 治疗儿童HIV/AIDS Listen to children and ensure their participation 倾听儿童意见，鼓励共同参与 Protect the Earth for children 从儿童开始教育保护地球资源 * * Good morning, boys and girls. From today on we will begin our study of pediatrics Self introduction Because I am asked to give the class in English, I will try my best to do so. But what I want say is that during the class, anyone who has question does not hesitate to let me know. You can erupt me anytime during the class if you feel uncomfortable with what I say or my English. For your better comprehension and reasons you know, some explorations I would like to speak in Chinese. OK, The first chapter I will introduce review. What do we need to know about pediatrics? * What are the concept of growth and development? Growth: The changes of form and increases in size of the body and organs of a child. Development: Maturation(成熟) of cells, tissues and organs. * * Gesell称之为“Cephalocaudal pattern”生长发育通常遵循由上到下、由近到远、由粗到细、由低级到高级、由简单到复杂的规律 * Gesell称之为“Cephalocaudal(从头到尾) pattern”生长发育通常遵循由上到下、由近到远、由粗到细、由低级到高级、由简单到复杂的规律 Body weight is a sensitive indicator for grouwth and nutritional status, and also is an important variable for calculation