国外组织行为学课件皮尔森ch03.pptx

Chapter 3Perception, Attribution, and DiversityCopyright ? 2011 Pearson Canada Inc.Learning ObjectivesDefine perception and discuss some of the general factors that influence perception.Explain social identity theory and Bruner’s model of the perceptual process. Describe the main biases in person perception.Describe how people form attributions about the causes of behaviour.Discuss various biases in attribution.Copyright ? 2011 Pearson Canada Inc.Learning Objectives (continued)Discuss the concepts of workforce diversity and valuing diversity.Discuss how racial, ethnic, gender, and age stereotypes affect organizational behaviour and what organizations can do to manage diversity.Copyright ? 2011 Pearson Canada Inc.Learning Objectives (continued)Define trust perceptions and perceived organizational support and describe organizational support theory.Discuss person perception and perceptual biases in human resources.Copyright ? 2011 Pearson Canada Inc.What Is Perception? The process of interpreting the messages of our senses to provide order and meaning to the environment.People base their actions on the interpretation of reality that their perceptual system provides, rather than on reality itself.Copyright ? 2011 Pearson Canada Inc.Components of PerceptionPerception has three components:A perceiverA target that is being perceivedSome situational context in which the perception is occurringEach component influences the perceiver’s impression or interpretation of the target.Copyright ? 2011 Pearson Canada Inc.Factors that Influence PerceptionCopyright ? 2011 Pearson Canada Inc.The PerceiverPast experiences lead the perceiver to develop expectations that affect current perceptions.Needs unconsciously influence perceptions by causing us to perceive what we wish to perceive.Emotions, such as anger, happiness, or fear, can influence our perceptions.Copyright ? 2011 Pearson Canada Inc.Perceptual DefenceThe tendency for the perceptual system to defend the perceiver against unpl