国际金融托马斯复习汇编.pdfVIP

学习 好资料 C2 国际收支 Payments among Nations 1 复式记账 Double-entry bookkeeping 概 Any exchange automatically enters the balance-of-payments accounts twice as a credit and as a debit of the same value. 规则 :贷方项目 A credit (+) is flow for which the country is paid; 借方项目 A debit (-) is flow for which the country must pay. 例子 :1 出口 (贷 ),进口 (借 );2 本国常住者为外国人提供劳务或者从外国取得投资及其他收入 (贷 );而外国人为本国常住者提供劳务或从本国取得收入 (借 );3 本国常住者获得 (指购买 )外国 资产 (借 ),外国常住者获得本国资产 (贷 );4 外国人偿还债务 (贷),本国居民偿还外债 (借 );5 本国 常住者收到国外单方面转移 (贷 ),本国常住者对外国单方面转移 (借 );6 官方储备减少 (贷 ),官方 储备增加 (借 ) 2 国际收支 Balance of Payments (BOP): The set of accounts recording all flows of value between a nation ’s residents and the residents of the rest of the world during a period of time. Free on board(FOB 离岸价 ): it implies that distributive services like transport and handling performed on goods up to the customs frontier of the economy from which the goods are exported are classed as merchandise. 2.1 经常项目 Current Account balance It is the net value of the flows of goods, service, income, and Unilateral transfers. If it is positive, the nation earns that much in extra assets or reduced liabilities in its dealings with other countries. If it is negative, the country must pay by giving up assets or increasing its liabilities. Goods and services balance equals the net exports of both goods and services. It is often called the trade balance. 包括 :1Merchandise trade flows;2Service flows;3Income flows;4Unilateral transfer 2.2 资本项目 financial Account Balance The net flows of financial assets and similar claims (excluding official asset flows) is the private capital account balance or financial account balance. 资本项目记录的只是资产交易的本金金额 (principal amounts), 而投资国外资产的任何所得 (earnings)均记