20003建筑工程专业英语课件第3单元.pptxVIP

;Components of a Building All buildings have the same components such as foundation, walls, floors and roof. In addition, we have to decorate them with plaster, paint, etc, to make them aesthetically beautiful. These items of building works are called civil works. Water and electricity have also to be supplied to the buildings to make them habitable. These items are called building services. In this article, we will briefly examine the various components of civil works.;Components of a Building: Civil Works The important parts of an ordinary are show in Figures 3.1 and 3.2. They are as follows: (1)Foundation (2)Plinth (3) Walls and columns (4) Floors (5) Lintels and chajjas (6) Roof (7) Doors and windows (8) Stairs and lifts (9) Finishing work(plastering and painting) (10) Building services (11) Fencing and external works ;;; ;;;;;;;;;;; Text A; Text A;1.A building can be divided into substructure (foundation) and superstructure, the plinth being the dividing line between them. 一座建筑物可以分为下部结构（地基）和上部结构，以柱基作为分界线。 2.Thus, the projecting part of the wall above the ground level to a floor level is the plinth. 因此，地面以上至楼面的突出部分便是柱基。 projecting表示突出的。 3.Hence, a study of these different types of masonry is made under this head. 因此，此处对不同类型的石砌工程予以研究。 under this head指在此标题下。;4.Depending on the finances available and also the climatic conditions, we can have different kinds of roofs. 根据建设资金以及气候条件等因素，会有不同类型的屋顶。 5.A detailed study of doors and windows is an important part of building construction as the expenditure on this item alone can go up to 15 to 20 per sent of the total cost of the civil works. 民用建筑中，光门窗的建造费用就可达到建筑总费用的12%-15%，因此对门窗的建造进行详细研究是非常重要的。 as表示原因，the expenditure on this item alone 光是在这方面的花费。;Ⅰ.Answer the following questions according to the text. 1.Why do people decorate their buildings with plaster, paint etc.? to make them aesthetically beautiful. 2. What is the