GRE阅读练习：创伤后精神紧张性障碍.docxVIP

Word文档下载后（可任意编辑） 第 第 PAGE 1 页 共 NUMPAGES 1 页 GRE阅读练习：创伤后精神紧张性障碍 GRE阅读训练：GRE阅读练习：创伤后精神紧张性障碍 GRE考试精品课程指导  WITH its deafening explosions, searing fires, dismembered corpses and stench of death, war pushes everyone it touches to the brink.  爆炸声震耳欲聋，通红的火舌四处蔓延，残肢断臂尸横遍野，臭气熏天，战场上，每个人都濒临崩溃的边缘。  Most recover naturally.  一些人会慢慢恢复，  Some, though, suffer psychological injuries that do not heal.  然而有的人一辈子都在受精神创伤的折磨。  The names of these injuries have changed.  这些创伤几经更名，  Once they were known as shell-shock; then as battle fatigue; then as combat stress reaction.  起初称作炮弹休克，紧接着是战斗疲劳症，而后又变为战斗应激反应。  Now, the preferred term is post-traumatic stress disorder.  如今流行的说法是创伤后精神紧张性障碍。  But whatever they are called, they are worryingly common.  令人担忧的是，尽管名称更易频繁，是指内容却大同小异。  About 17% of American troops returning from Iraq and 11% of those coming back from Afghanistan suffer from them.  从伊拉克和阿富汗回国的美国士兵中，各有17%和11%罹患此症。  The most common treatment is known as exposure-based therapy.  暴露疗法是治疗PTSD最常用的方法。  This asks those afflicted to imagine the sights and sounds that traumatised them, and helps them confront those memories.  医生会要求患者复原那些使其精神受创的画面和声音，然后再将它们从记忆中一一删除。  It often works. But not always.  虽然此法卓有成效，但却不是万灵药。  And it would undoubtedly be better if troops did not develop the condition in the first place.  毫无疑问，最重要的还是能将致病诱因消除。  With this in mind, a team of engineers, computer scientists and psychologists led by Skip Rizzo at the University of Southern California propose a form of psychological vaccination.  鉴于此，由南加州大学斯卡普·里兹博士组织带领的，包括工程师、计算机科学家和心理学家在内的科研小队提出了注射心理疫苗的构想。  By presenting soldiers with the horrors of war before they set off to fight, Dr Rizzo hopes to inure squaddies to anything they might witness on the field of battle.  通过向出征前的士兵展示可能发生的恐怖战争场景，里兹博士希望他们能适应真实的战地环境。  The idea of doing this developed from Dr Rizzos work using virtual reality to help with expos