材料成形原理焊接原理概述.pptxVIP

1;第一章 序论;在通常意义上，连接是指将零、部件组合成一个（连续）整体的工艺过程，其所获得的整体具备各被连接零、部件没有的功能或复合功能。 连接所关心的核心问题是那些具备固有微观结构与宏观性能的被连接材料在连接过程中的演变，以及所构建连接结构的组织与力学特征。;Figure 1.1 Welding, using a variety of fusion welding, predominantly consumable electrode processes, is used almost exclusively in ship construction. Roll product (e.g., plate and beams), forgings, and castings are all welded to provide structural integrity, structural efficiency, and leak tightness. In most shipyards parts are joined to create large pre-fabricated modules, which are then joined to produce the ship, here the aircraft carrier Reagan.;Figure 1.2 Modern manufacturing often benefits when labor-intensive, quality-critical assembly is automated, as exemplified in the automobile industry by robotic welding. (Courtesy of DaimlerChrysler AG, Stuttgart, Germany, with permission.);Figure 1.3 Welding is also used for microjoining for a variety of applications and industries. Here, very thin kovar sheets are spot-fillet welded by laser-beam welding to produce the minute lap joints shown. (Courtesy of Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, with permission.);Figure 1.4 Typical large welded structures at a petrochemical plant. Note the bolted thick-section pipes, valves, and fittings at the left and right of the welded towers, as shown in a close-up in Figure 2.3. (Courtesy of Marathon Ashland Petroleum LLC, Findlay, OH, with permission.) ;Figure 1.5 Typical use of manual iron soldering in industry. (Courtesy of the IBM Corporation, Poughkeepsie, NY, with permission.) ;Figure 1.7 The use of thermal bonding, as well as adhesive bonding, is commonplace in the assembly of thermoplastic monolithic and reinforced composites used in military aircraft. (Courtesy of Northrop Grumman Corporation, with permission.);Figure 1.8 In an analog to welding, a laser beam can be used to reattach a detached retina, with the heat of the laser causing joining by coagulating protein. (Courtesy of Julia A. Haller, M.D., The Johns Hopkins