讲义-2008年text4-21考研英语阅读基础超精讲-公众号-世纪高教在线.pdf

考研英语基础阅读 核心词汇精讲 世纪高教在线 荣相楠 2008年 Text 4 美国开国元勋对奴隶制的复杂态 度 逐 句 精 解 I ①In 1784, five years before he became president of the United States, George Washington, 52, was nearly toothless. ②So he hired a dentist to transplant nine teeth into his j aw – having extracted them from the mouths of his slaves. dentist n. 牙医 dental a. Ø dental disease/care/treatment/health Ø a dental surgery transplant v. 移植 （器官等）；移栽 （植物） Ø Surgeons have successfully transplanted a liver into a four-year-old boy. extract v. ① （用力）拔出；② 提炼 Ø to extract the wisdom teeth Ø to extract essential oils from plants 逐 句 精 解 II ①T hat’s a far different image f rom t he cherry -t ree-chopping George most people remember from their history books. ②But recently, many historians have begun to focus on the roles slavery played in the lives of the founding generation. chop v. ① 切、砍、劈 ；② （大幅度地）削减 Ø Chop the carrots up into small pieces. Ø The share price was chopped from $50 to $20. 逐 句 精 解 ③They have been spurred in part by DNA evidence made available in 1998, which almost certainly proved Thomas Jefferson had fathered at least one child with his slave Sally Hemings.④And only over the past 30 years have scholars examined history from the bottom up. spur v. 促进 ，刺激 =encourage=stimulated=drive Ø Lower taxes would spur investment. father v. ①成为……的父亲 ；②首先提出、创立 〔新思想或新体系〕 Ø He fathered seven children. Ø Bevan fathered the concept of the National Health Service. 逐 句 精 解 ⑤Works of several historians reveal the moral compromises made by t he nation’s early leaders and t he f ragile nat ure of t he count ry ’s infancy. ⑥ More significantly, they argue that many of the Founding Fathers knew slavery was wrong – and yet mos