普通数控车床主传动系统设计.docx

PAGE / NUMPAGES 普通数控车床主传动系统设计 摘要 数控车床不仅能够车外圆还能用于镗孔、车端面、钻孔与铰孔。与其他种类的机床相比，车床在生产中使用最广。 本论文首先介绍了我国数控机床发展的过程与现状 ,并分析了其存在的问题 ;对数控机床的发展趋势进行了探讨；并对数控车床主轴箱传动系统进行了设计与计算。 主轴箱有安装在精密轴承中的空心主轴和一系列变速齿轮组成。数控车床主轴可以获得在调速范围内的任意速度，以满足加工切削要求。 目前，数控车床的发展趋势是通过电气与机械装置进行无级变速。变频电机通过带传动和变速齿轮为主轴提供动力。通常变频电机调速范围3—5，难以满足主轴变速要求；串联变速齿轮则扩大了齿轮的变速范围 。 本设计将原来的带轮不卸荷结构变为了带轮卸荷结构，使输入轴在带处只受转矩，将轴上的径向力传动到车床机体上,改善了输入轴的受力情况，。 关键词：主轴箱，无级调速，传动系统 Abstract NC lathe can do boring, facing, drilling and Reaming in addition to turning.The use of lathes in the production than the other types of machine tools and more. And compared to other types of machine tools, lathes in the production is the most widely used. In this design ，the development and current situation of NC machine in China was introduced and a series of problems were presented .The development trend to NC lathe was discussed.Some countermeasures was presented for the development of NC machine in China and then the headstock of NC lathe has been calculatly designed . Headstocks is composed of the hollow spindle which is installed in precision bearings and a series of transmission gears. The spindle can obtain any speed in the speed range to meet the processing requirements of cutting. At present, the development trend is to provide a continuously variable speed through the electrical or mechanical devices . Variable Frequency Motor conveys the power through belt drive and a set of transmission gears. The speed range of Variable Frequency Motor is usually 3-5 , which is difficult to meet the speed range requirements of the spindle speed; The transmission gears is to expand the scope of a variable-speed to meet the speed range of the spindle In addition, in this design the design of the belt drive has been changed from the original unloading structure into the loading structure, transmissed the force to the lathe body so that input shaft is only forced torque, improved the forcing state of the input shaft. Key words: headstocks, a continu