国外道德困境案例.ppt

整理ppt 伦理困境也被称为 道德悖论，是指陷于几个道德命令之间的明显冲突，如果遵守其中一项，就将违犯另一项的情形。 Trolley problem电车难题 这是一个伦理学的思想实验。其大致内容是：假设一辆有轨电车失去控制，即将撞上前面的5个人，这时可以通过搬动道岔来避免该事故，但另外一条岔道上却有1个人，那么，是否可以通过牺牲这一个人的生命而拯救另外五个人？ 此难题可以变化，如一条岔道有一人，另外一条可以改成更多人或更少人，另外五人可以改成罪犯。 The Overcrowded Lifeboat In 1842, a ship struck an iceberg and more than 30 survivors were crowded into a lifeboat intended to hold 7. As a storm threatened, it became obvious that the lifeboat would have to be lightened if anyone were to survive. The captain reasoned that the right thing to do in this situation was to force some individuals to go over the s