满族文化英文介绍.pptVIP

Which ethnic minority(少数民族) do they belong to? Manchu 满族 Brief Introduction Manchu History 渊源 Manchu Distribution 分布 Cultural Assimilation 文化同化 Mandarin 普通话 Clothing 服饰 Manchu History The first ancestors of the Manchu were the Sushen（肃慎）, a people who lived during the second and first millennia（千年） BC. One of the tribes （部落）of the Mohe（靺鞨）, the Heishui (Black Water) tribe, eventually became the ancestors of the Jurchens（女真）, from whom the Manchu originated.（起源） The Jurchens under the lead of Wanyan clan（完颜家族） established the Jin Dynasty (literally Golden Dynasty) that ruled the northern half of China (1115–1234) and rivaled the Song Dynasty in southern China. The Jin were conquered（征服） by the Mongols .（蒙古） Before the seventeenth century, the ancestors of the Manchus were generally a pastoral people（游牧民族）, existing on hunting, fishing and engaging in limited agriculture and pig-farming. Their tradition—— Hunting Manchu Distribution Manchu spreads almost all over the China . It is in the countrys 31 provinces, mainly concentrated in the province of Liaoning, accounting for 51% of the total population of the manchu. In addition, the areas of the Manchu population at about 1000000 are Beijing, Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang and Jilin. 满族的分布几乎遍布全国，在全国31个省，主要集中在辽宁省，总人口51%。此外，满族人口约1 000000的地区是北京，河北，内蒙古，黑龙江和吉林。 The Manchu people has been largely assimilated（同化） with the Han（汉族） Chinese. The Manchu language is almost extinct(消失), and now is spoken only among a small number of elderly people in remote rural areas of northeastern China and a few scholars（学者）.In recent years, however, there has been a resurgence（复兴） of interest in Manchu culture among both ethnic Manchus and Han. The number of Chinese today with some Manchu ancestry （血统）is quite large, and the adoption（采纳） of favorable policies towards ethnic minorities（少数民族）such as preferential（优先） university admission, government employment opportunities and more than one child admission has en