英语语言学教案.docVIP

英语语言学教安 Date： Lecture 1 Chapter 1 Introduction I. Objectives: Students are to learn the following from this lecture: 1. What linguistics is? 2. The scope of linguistics 3. Some important distinctions in linguistics II. Procedures 1. Get to know each other.(5 ) 2. Introduce the course, the textbook as well as the reference books.0(1 ) 3. Requirements and evaluation of the course(.5 ) 4. New Contents:(70”) 1.1 What linguistics is (20 ) 1.1.1 Definition Linguistics is generally defined as the scientific study of language . It tries to answer the basic questions “ What is language?”．“How does language work? ”，and“ What rules there are that govern the structure of language? proIbtes into various problems related to language such as “What do all languages have in common?”．“ What range of variation is fotmd among languages? ”，“ What makes language change?”．“ To what extent are social class differences reflected in language?”，‘‘ How does a child acquire his mother tongue?” , and many others． 1.1.2. The scope of linguistics (25 ) 1.General Linguistics 普通语言学 The study of language as a whole is often called General linguistics. This deals with the basic concepts ， theories．descriptions ，models and methods applicable in any linguistic study ，in contrast to those branches of study which relate linguistics to the research of other areas ． 2. Pho netics 语音学 The study of sounds used in linguistic communication led to the establishment of phonetics ． 3. Phonology 音位学 Phonology studieshow sounds are put together and used to convey incaning in conmmnication ． 4. Morphology 形态学 The sounds used in linguistic communication are represented by symbols ， i．e． morphemes． Morphology studies the way in which these symbols are arranged and combined to form words ． 5. Syntax 句法 Syntax studies the rules how the combination of words to form granmlatically permissible sentences in languages． 6. Sema ntics 语义学 But the ultimate objective of language is not just to create grammatically well-formed sen